R-T-B permanent magnet material and preparation method therefor and use thereof

1. An R-T-B permanent magnet material, which comprises the following components by mass percentage:

R′: 29.5-33.0 wt. %, R′ comprising R and Pr, Nd; wherein: R is a rare earth element other than Pr and Nd, the content of Pr is 17.00-19.17 wt. %, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is <0.5;

X: X is Ti, Zr or Nb;

B: 0.90-1.2 wt. %;

Fe: 62.0-68.0 wt. %;

provided that:

when the X is Zr, then the content of Zr is 1.49-4.01 wt. %;

when the X is Ti, then the content of Ti is 0.28-4.01 wt. %;

when the X is Nb, then the content of Nb is 0.13-0.32 wt. %.

2. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, the content of R′ is 30-33 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the content of Nd is 11-15 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is ≥0.3 and <0.5;

or, the content of B is 0.9-1.0 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the content of Fe is 62.3-68.0 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

3. A preparation method for the R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, the preparation method comprises the following steps: molten liquid of a raw material composition of the R-T-B permanent magnet material is subjected to casting, hydrogen decrepitation, forming, sintering and aging;

wherein the raw material composition of the R-T-B permanent magnet material comprises the following components by mass percentage:

R′: 29.5-32.0 wt. %, R′ comprising R and Pr, Nd; wherein: R is a rare earth element other than Pr and Nd, the content of Pr is ≥8.85 wt. %, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is <0.5;

X: X is Ti, Zr or Nb;

B: 0.90-1.2 wt. %;

Fe: 62.0-68.0 wt. %;

provided that:

when the X is Zr, then the content of Zr is 1.5-4.0 wt. %;

when the X is Ti, then the content of Ti is 0.3-4.0 wt. %;

when the X is Nb, then the content of Nb is 0.15-0.3 wt. %.

4. An electronic component comprising the R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 .

5. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, when the X is Zr, the content of Zr is 2.99-4.01 wt. %;

or, when the X is Ti, the content of Ti is 2.98-4.01 wt. %;

or, when the X is Nb, the content of Nb is 0.31 wt. %-0.32 wt. %;

the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

6. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, the content of R is 0-1 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, R′ further comprises a heavy rare earth element RH; wherein, is selected from the group consisting of Dy and Tb; the content of RH is 1.0-2.5 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage of the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

7. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Cu, the content of Cu is ≥0.30 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Al, the content of Al is 0-0.8 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Ga, the content of Ga is 0.0-0.85 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Co, the content of Co is 0.0-3.0 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises addition element M, and M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Ag, In, Sn, Bi, V, Cr, Hf, Ta, and W; the content of M is 0-0.15 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

8. An R-T-B permanent magnet material, which comprises the following components by mass percentage:

R′: 29.5-33.0 wt. %, R′ comprising R and Pr, Nd; wherein: R is a rare earth element other than Pr and Nd, the content of Pr is 17.00-19.17 wt. %, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is <0.5;

B: 0.90-1.2 wt. %;

Fe: 62.0-68.0 wt. %;

X is Ti or Zr;

provided that:

when the X is Zr, the content of Zr is 1.49-4.01 wt. %;

when the X is Ti, the content of Ti is 1.51-4.01 wt. %;

the main phase crystalline particle of the R-T-B permanent magnet material is R″ 2 Fe 14 B, the R″ comprises Pr and Nd, the mass fraction of Pr in the R″ is ≥ 60%;

Zr or Ti is dispersed in the main phase and grain boundary phase of in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

9. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 3 , wherein, the molten liquid of the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material is prepared by the following method: melting in a high frequency vacuum induction melting furnace; the vacuum degree of the melting furnace is 5×10 −2 Pa; the melting temperature is 1500° C. or less;

the casting process is carried out as follows: cooling at a rate of 10 2 ° C./s −10 4 ° C./s in an Ar atmosphere;

the hydrogen decrepitation process comprises hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling treatment, the hydrogen absorption is carried out under the hydrogen pressure of 0.15 MPa;

the sintering process is carried out as follows: preheating, sintering and cooling under vacuum condition; the temperature of the preheating is 300-600° C., the duration of the preheating is 1-2 h; the temperature of the sintering is 1040-1090° C.;

in the aging treatment, the temperature of the secondary aging is 500-650° C.; in the secondary aging, the temperature is increased to 500-650° C. with a heating rate of 3-5° C./min.

10. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 3 , wherein, a grain boundary diffusion treatment is further carried out after sintering and before the aging treatment; the grain boundary diffusion treatment is carried out according to the following steps, attaching a substance selected from a substance containing Tb and a substance containing Dy to a surface of the R-T-B permanent magnet material by evaporating, coating or sputtering, then carrying out diffusion heat treatment; the temperature of the diffusion heat treatment is 800-900° C.; the duration of the diffusion heat treatment is 12-48 h.

11. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 3 , wherein, the content of R′ is 30.0-32.0 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the content of Nd is 11.00-15.00 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is ≥0.3 and <0.5;

or, the content of B is 0.985-1.2 wt. %;

or, the content of Fe is 62.81-67.92 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material.

12. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 3 , wherein, the content of Pr is 17.15-19.15 wt. %;

or, when the X is Zr, the content of Zr is 3.0-4.0 wt. %;

or, when the X is Ti, the content of Ti is 3.0 wt. %-4.0 wt. %;

or, when the X is Nb, the content of Nb is 0.25-0.30 wt. %;

the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material.

13. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 3 , wherein, the content of R is 0-1 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, R′ further comprises a heavy rare earth element RH; RH is selected from the group consisting of Dy and Tb; the content of RH is 1.0-2.5 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Cu, the content of Cu is ≥0.34 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Al, the content of Al is 0.042-0.7 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Ga, the content of Ga is 0.0-0.8 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Co, the content of Co is 0.0-3.0 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises addition element M, M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Ag, In, Sn, Bi, V, Cr, Hf, Ta, and W; the content of M is 0-0.15 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material.

14. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 1 , wherein, the main phase crystalline particle is R″ 2 Fe 14 B, the R″ comprises Pr and Nd, the mass fraction of Pr in the R″ is ≥60%.

15. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 8 , wherein, when the X is Zr, the content of Zr is 2.99-4.01 wt. %;

or, when the X is Ti, the content of Ti is 2.98-4.01 wt. %;

the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

16. The R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 8 , wherein, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Cu, the content of Cu is ≥0.30 wt. %, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Al, the content of Al is 0-0.8 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Ga, the content of Ga is 0.0-0.85 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises Co, the content of Co is 0.0-3.0 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material;

or, the R-T-B permanent magnet material further comprises addition element M, and M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Ag, In, Sn, Bi, V, Cr, Hf, Ta, and W; the content of M is 0-0.15 wt. %, but not 0, the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the R-T-B permanent magnet material.

17. An electronic component comprising the R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 8 .

18. A preparation method for the R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 8 , wherein, the preparation method comprises the following steps: molten liquid of a raw material composition of the R-T-B permanent magnet material is subjected to casting, hydrogen decrepitation, forming, sintering and aging;

wherein the raw material composition of the R-T-B permanent magnet material comprises the following components by mass percentage:

R′: 29.5-32.0 wt. %, R′ comprising R and Pr, Nd; wherein: R is a rare earth element other than Pr and Nd, the content of Pr is ≥8.85 wt. %, the mass ratio of Nd to R′ is <0.5;

X: X is Ti or Zr;

B: 0.90-1.2 wt. %;

Fe: 62.0-68.0 wt. %;

provided that:

when the X is Zr, then the content of Zr is 1.5-4.0 wt. %;

when the X is Ti, then the content of Ti is 1.5-4.0 wt. %.

19. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 18 , wherein, the content of Pr is 17.15-19.15 wt. %;

or, when the X is Zr, the content of Zr is 3.0-4.0 wt. %;

or, when the X is Ti, the content of Ti is 3.0 wt. %-4.0 wt. %;

the percentage refers to the mass percentage in the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material.

20. The preparation method for R-T-B permanent magnet material according to claim 18 , wherein, the molten liquid of the raw material composition of R-T-B permanent magnet material is prepared by the following method: melting in a high frequency vacuum induction melting furnace; the vacuum degree of the melting furnace is 5×10 −2 Pa; the melting temperature is 1500° C. or less;

the casting process is carried out as follows: cooling at a rate of 10 2 ° C./s −10 4 ° C./s in an Ar atmosphere;

the hydrogen decrepitation process comprises hydrogen absorption, dehydrogenation and cooling treatment, the hydrogen absorption is carried out under the hydrogen pressure of 0.15 MPa;

the sintering process is carried out as follows: preheating, sintering and cooling under vacuum condition; the temperature of the preheating is 300-600° C., the duration of the preheating is 1-2 h; the temperature of the sintering is 1040-1090° C.;

in the aging treatment, the temperature of the secondary aging is 500-650° C.; in the secondary aging, the temperature is increased to 500-650° C. with a heating rate of 3-5° C./min.