DC-DC converter and method for operating a DC-DC converter
The present invention relates to the control of a DC-DC converter, wherein the gradient of a controlled variable is limited for the control of the DC-DC converter. A maximum current change in the DC-DC converter can be limited by limiting the gradient of the controlled variable in order to optionally prevent dangerous operating states of the DC-DC converter.
1. A DC-DC converter ( 1 ), comprising:
a first control device ( 10 ), which is designed to determine a first controlled variable (R1) using a value for a present input voltage (U_in), a value for a present input current (I_in) and a setpoint value for an output voltage (U_des);
a second control device ( 20 ), which is designed to determine a second controlled variable (R2) using the setpoint value for the output voltage (U_des) and the value for the present output voltage (U_out);
a combination element ( 40 ), which is designed to combine the first controlled variable (R1) and the second controlled variable (R2) and to output said variables as a setpoint controlled variable (R3);
a third control device ( 30 ), which is designed to limit a gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) to a predetermined minimum value and/or a predetermined maximum value and to provide the limited setpoint controlled variable (R3) as an output controlled variable (R4); and
at least one DC-DC converter module ( 50 ), which is designed to convert a DC input voltage (U_in) into a DC output voltage (U_out) using the output controlled variable (R4).
2. The DC-DC converter ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the third control device ( 30 ) is designed to limit the gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) using the value for the present input voltage (U_in) and the value for the present output voltage (U_out).
3. The DC-DC converter ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one DC-DC converter module ( 50 ) comprises in each case one transformer, and the transformer is arranged between an input terminal and an output terminal, and
wherein the third control device ( 30 ) is designed to limit the gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) using a transformation ratio (N) of the transformer.
4. The DC-DC converter ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the third control device ( 30 ) is designed to limit a maximum current change in the DC-DC converter ( 1 ).
5. The DC-DC converter ( 1 ) as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the at least one DC-DC converter module ( 50 ) is operated in a boost converter operating mode.
6. A method for operating a DC-DC converter ( 1 ), comprising the following steps:
determining (S 1 ) a first controlled variable (R1) using a value for a present input voltage (U_in), a value for a present input current (I_in) and a setpoint value for an output voltage (U_des);
determining (S 2 ) a second controlled variable (R2) using the setpoint value for the output voltage (U_des) and the value for the present output voltage (U_out);
combining (S 3 ) the first controlled variable (R1) and the second controlled variable (R2) to give a setpoint controlled variable (R3);
limiting (S 4 ) a gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) to a predetermined minimum value and/or a predetermined maximum value and providing the limited setpoint controlled variable (R3) as an output controlled variable (R4); and
driving (S 5 ) a number at least one DC-DC converter modules ( 50 ) using the output controlled variable (R4).
7. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the limiting (S 4 ) of the gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) to the predetermined minimum value and/or the predetermined maximum value is provided by using the value for the present input voltage (U_in) and the value for the present output voltage (U_out).
8. The method as claimed in claim 6 , wherein the limiting (S 4 ) of the gradient of the setpoint controlled variable (R3) to the predetermined minimum value and/or the predetermined maximum value is provided by using a transformation ratio (N) of a transformer.