Slit lamp microscope, ophthalmic information processing apparatus, ophthalmic system, method of controlling slit lamp microscope, and recording medium
A slit lamp microscope of an aspect example includes a scanner and a data processor. The scanner is configured to scan an anterior segment of a subject's eye with slit light to collect a plurality of cross sectional images. The data processor is configured to generate opacity distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a crystalline lens, based on the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner.
1 . A slit lamp microscope comprising:
a scanner configured to scan an anterior segment of a subject's eye with slit light to collect a plurality of cross sectional images; and
a data processor configured to generate opacity distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a crystalline lens, based on the plurality of cross sectional images,
wherein the data processor includes
a crystalline lens image construction processor configured to construct a three dimensional crystalline lens image from the plurality of cross sectional images, and
an opacity distribution information generation processor configured to analyze the three dimensional crystalline lens image to generate the opacity distribution information,
wherein the opacity distribution information generation processor includes a local distribution information generation processor configured to generate local distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a three dimensional partial region for each of a plurality of three dimensional partial regions in the three dimensional crystalline lens image,
wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution information generation processor configured to generate transmissivity distribution information that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the data processor includes a time dependent change information generation processor configured to generate time dependent change information that represents a time dependent change in a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on the transmissivity distribution information, and
the slit lamp microscope further comprises a display controller configured to display a graph that represents a time dependent change in light transmissivity of each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions based on the time dependent change information on a display device,
wherein the data processor includes an opacity distribution map creation processor configured to create an opacity distribution map based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the opacity distribution map represents a depth position of an opaque area in each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions and is represented using a two dimensional coordinate system in which a first coordinate axis represents a depth direction and a second coordinate axis represents a direction perpendicular to the depth direction,
wherein the plurality of three dimensional partial regions is determined by applying equal angle division to the three dimensional crystalline lens image in a plane perpendicular to the depth direction, and
the second coordinate axis represents an angle direction of the equal angle division.
2 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline lens image construction processor includes:
a reconstruction processor configured to apply three dimensional reconstruction to the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner; and
a segmentation processor configured to apply segmentation to a three dimensional reconstructed image constructed by the reconstruction processor to identify the three dimensional crystalline lens image.
3 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the crystalline lens image construction processor includes:
a segmentation processor configured to apply segmentation to each of the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner to identify a two dimensional crystalline lens image; and
a reconstruction processor configured to apply three dimensional reconstruction to a plurality of two dimensional crystalline lens images identified by the segmentation processor to construct the three dimensional crystalline lens image.
4 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution map creation processor configured to create a transmissivity distribution map based on the transmissivity distribution information generated by the transmissivity distribution information generation processor.
5 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution map creation processor configured to create a transmissivity distribution map that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on the opacity distribution map created by the opacity distribution map creation processor.
6 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the transmissivity distribution information generation processor is further configured to generate transmissivity distribution information that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens by calculating, for each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions, a quotient of a size of an opaque area in the three dimensional partial region defined by the two dimensional coordinate system over a size of the three dimensional partial region.
7 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 6 , wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution map creation processor configured to create a transmissivity distribution map based on the transmissivity distribution information generated by the transmissivity distribution information generation processor.
8 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes a rendering processor configured to apply rendering to a three dimensional image that includes the three dimensional crystalline lens image.
9 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 8 , wherein the rendering processor is configured to apply projection onto a predetermined plane to the three dimensional image.
10 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 9 , wherein the predetermined plane is perpendicular to a depth direction.
11 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 9 , wherein the display controller is further configured to display a two dimensional image constructed by the projection and a distribution image based on the opacity distribution information on a display device in such a manner that one of the two dimensional image and the distribution image is displayed on the other.
12 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 8 , wherein the display controller is further configured to display a rendered image constructed by the rendering processor and information based on the opacity distribution information on a display device in such a manner that one of the rendered image and the information based on the opacity distribution information is displayed on the other.
13 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the time dependent change information generation processor is further configured to generate another time dependent change information that represents a time dependent change in a distribution of an opaque area of the crystalline lens based on a plurality of pieces of opacity distribution information obtained for the anterior segment.
14 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein
the data processor includes a normalization processor configured to apply normalization to the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner, and
the data processor is configured to perform generation of the opacity distribution information based on the plurality of cross sectional images with the normalization applied.
15 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 14 , wherein the normalization processor is configured to apply brightness normalization to the plurality of cross sectional images.
16 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 15 , wherein the normalization processor is configured to apply the brightness normalization to the plurality of cross sectional images based on brightness of an image corresponding to a posterior surface of cornea of the anterior segment.
17 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 14 , wherein
the slit light includes visible light, and
the normalization processor is configured to apply color normalization to the plurality of cross sectional images.
18 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes an evaluation processor configured to perform evaluation of a predetermined cataract score based on one or both of the opacity distribution information and the plurality of cross sectional images.
19 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 18 , wherein
the slit light includes white light, and
the evaluation processor is configured to perform evaluation of hardness of crystalline lens nucleus based on color information of the plurality of cross sectional images.
20 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 18 , wherein the evaluation processor is configured to perform cataract type inference based on the opacity distribution information.
21 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes a simulation processor configured to perform vision condition simulation of the subject's eye based on the opacity distribution information.
22 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the data processor includes a measurement processor configured to perform measurement of a predetermined anterior segment parameter based on the plurality of cross sectional images.
23 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 22 , wherein the anterior segment parameter includes one or more of corneal thickness, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, crystalline lens thickness, crystalline lens curvature, crystalline lens diameter, crystalline lens tilt angle, and positional difference between corneal center and crystalline lens center.
24 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the scanner includes:
an illumination system configured to project the slit light onto the anterior segment;
a photography system configured to perform photography of the anterior segment from a direction different from the illumination system; and
a movement mechanism configured to move the illumination system and the photography system.
25 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 24 , wherein the photography system includes:
an optical system configured to direct light coming from the anterior segment onto which the slit light is projected; and
an image sensor including a light detecting plane configured to receive the light directed by the optical system,
wherein a subject plane along an optical axis of the illumination system, the optical system, and the light detecting plane satisfy a Scheimpflug condition.
26 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the display controller is further configured to display information on a display device based on an output from the data processor.
27 . The slit lamp microscope of claim 1 , wherein the second coordinate axis is represented in a linear shape in the opacity distribution map.
28 . An ophthalmic information processing apparatus comprising:
a reception device that receives a plurality of cross sectional images collected by scanning an anterior segment of a subject's eye with slit light; and
a data processor configured to generate opacity distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a crystalline lens, based on the plurality of cross sectional images,
wherein the data processor includes
a crystalline lens image construction processor configured to construct a three dimensional crystalline lens image from the plurality of cross sectional images, and
an opacity distribution information generation processor configured to analyze the three dimensional crystalline lens image to generate the opacity distribution information,
wherein the opacity distribution information generation processor includes a local distribution information generation processor configured to generate local distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a three dimensional partial region for each of a plurality of three dimensional partial regions in the three dimensional crystalline lens image,
wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution information generation processor configured to generate transmissivity distribution information that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the data processor includes a time dependent change information generation processor configured to generate time dependent change information that represents a time dependent change in a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on the transmissivity distribution information, and
the ophthalmic information processing apparatus further comprising a display controller configured to display a graph that represents a time dependent change in light transmissivity of each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions based on the time dependent change information on a display device,
wherein the data processor includes an opacity distribution map creation processor configured to create an opacity distribution map based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the opacity distribution map represents a depth position of an opaque area in each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions and is represented using a two dimensional coordinate system in which a first coordinate axis represents a depth direction and a second coordinate axis represents a direction perpendicular to the depth direction,
wherein the plurality of three dimensional partial regions is determined by applying equal angle division to the three dimensional crystalline lens image in a plane perpendicular to the depth direction, and
the second coordinate axis represents an angle direction of the equal angle division.
29 . An ophthalmic system comprising a slit lamp microscope and an information processing apparatus, wherein
the slit lamp microscope includes:
a scanner configured to scan an anterior segment of a subject's eye with slit light to collect a plurality of cross sectional images; and
a transmission device that transmits the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner to the information processing apparatus via a communication line, and
the information processing apparatus includes:
a reception device that receives the plurality of cross sectional images; and
a data processor configured to generate opacity distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a crystalline lens, based on the plurality of cross sectional images,
wherein the data processor includes
a crystalline lens image construction processor configured to construct a three dimensional crystalline lens image from the plurality of cross sectional images, and
an opacity distribution information generation processor configured to analyze the three dimensional crystalline lens image to generate the opacity distribution information,
wherein the opacity distribution information generation processor includes a local distribution information generation processor configured to generate local distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a three dimensional partial region for each of a plurality of three dimensional partial regions in the three dimensional crystalline lens image,
wherein the data processor includes a transmissivity distribution information generation processor configured to generate transmissivity distribution information that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the data processor includes a time dependent change information generation processor configured to generate time dependent change information that represents a time dependent change in a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on the transmissivity distribution information, and
the ophthalmic system further comprising a display controller configured to display a graph that represents a time dependent change in light transmissivity of each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions based on the time dependent change information on a display device,
wherein the data processor includes an opacity distribution map creation processor configured to create an opacity distribution map based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information generated by the local distribution information generation processor,
wherein the opacity distribution map represents a depth position of an opaque area in each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions and is represented using a two dimensional coordinate system in which a first coordinate axis represents a depth direction and a second coordinate axis represents a direction perpendicular to the depth direction,
wherein the plurality of three dimensional partial regions is determined by applying equal angle division to the three dimensional crystalline lens image in a plane perpendicular to the depth direction, and
the second coordinate axis represents an angle direction of the equal angle division.
30 . A method of controlling a slit lamp microscope that includes a processor, and a scanner that scans an anterior segment of a subject's eye with slit light to collect a plurality of cross sectional images, the method comprising:
causing the processor to execute a process of generating opacity distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a crystalline lens based on the plurality of cross sectional images collected by the scanner,
wherein the process of generating the opacity distribution information includes
a process of constructing a three dimensional crystalline lens image from the plurality of cross sectional images, and
a process of analyzing the three dimensional crystalline lens image to generate the opacity distribution information,
wherein the process of generating the opacity distribution information includes a process of generating local distribution information that represents a distribution of an opaque area in a three dimensional partial region for each of a plurality of three dimensional partial regions in the three dimensional crystalline lens image,
the method further comprising:
causing the processor to execute a process of generating transmissivity distribution information that represents a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information for the plurality of three dimensional partial regions;
causing the processor to execute a process of generating time dependent change information that represents a time dependent change in a distribution of light transmissivity of the crystalline lens based on the transmissivity distribution information;
causing the processor to execute a process of displaying a graph that represents a time dependent change in light transmissivity of each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions based on the time dependent change information on a display device;
causing the processer to create an opacity distribution map based on a plurality of pieces of local distribution information, wherein the opacity distribution map represents a depth position of an opaque area in each of the plurality of three dimensional partial regions and is represented using a two dimensional coordinate system in which a first coordinate axis represents a depth direction and a second coordinate axis represents a direction perpendicular to the depth direction; and
causing the processor to determine the plurality of three dimensional partial regions by applying equal angle division to the three dimensional crystalline lens image in a plane perpendicular to the depth direction,
wherein the second coordinate axis represents an angle direction of the equal angle division.
31 . A computer-readable non-transitory recording medium storing a program configured to cause a computer to execute the method of claim 30 .