Methods of removing chloride from gypsum having high level of chloride salt
Beads of materials such as activated alumina, zeolite and silica gel, are used as chloride salt absorbers. The beads are mixed with high-salt gypsum. After mixing for a short time, the mixtures are dried, and the beads and the powder are separated by using a sieve or other physical separation device resulting in a low-salt gypsum which can be used as a gypsum source to make gypsum wallboard.
1. A method of treating a salt-containing gypsum source comprising salt-containing gypsum powder particles, comprising:
mixing chloride salt absorbing beads, which have 0 to 30% free moisture, with salt-containing gypsum powder particles, which contain 5-30 wt. % of free moisture, for a time in a range of 5 minutes to 5 hours, at a mix ratio of the chloride salt absorbing beads to the salt-containing gypsum powder particles in a range 5 to 50 parts by weight beads to 100 parts by weight salt-containing gypsum particles on a moisture inclusive basis, to transfer chloride salt from the salt-containing gypsum powder particles to the chloride salt absorbing beads to produce a mixture of salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads and treated gypsum powder particles, wherein the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads are all larger in particle size than the treated gypsum powder particles;
wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles comprise at least 80 wt. % calcium sulfate dihydrate on a dry basis,
wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles comprise greater than 300 parts by weight chloride anion per 1,000,000 parts by weight said salt-containing gypsum powder particles on a dry basis,
wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles have a D50 median particle size of 10 to 100 microns, wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads comprise inorganic material selected from activated alumina, zeolite, and/or silica gel,
wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads have a D50 median particle size of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and
after said mixing, drying the mixture of the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads and the treated gypsum powder particles and separating the treated gypsum powder particles from the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads to recover the treated gypsum powder particles and recover the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads have a surface area of >20 m 2 /g.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles have about 500 parts by weight to about 3000 parts by weight said chloride anion per 1,000,000 parts by weight of said gypsum particles fed to the mixer.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads are fed to a mixer for said mixing of chloride salt absorbing beads with salt-containing gypsum powder particles, wherein the free moisture in the chloride salt absorbing beads fed to the mixer is in the range between 10 and 20% by weight.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles are fed to a mixer for said mixing of chloride salt absorbing beads with salt-containing gypsum powder particles, wherein the free moisture in the salt-containing gypsum particles fed to the mixer is in the range between 15 and 20% by weight.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the beads and the gypsum particles are mixed at a mix ratio of the beads to the gypsum particles in a range 10 to 50 parts by weight beads which have 0 to 30% free moisture to 100 parts by weight gypsum particles which contain 5 to 30% free moisture.
7. The method of claim 1 , further comprising contacting the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads with water to remove chloride from the chloride laden beads to produce cleaned beads.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads comprise activated alumina.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads comprise silica gel.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads comprise zeolite.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads and the treated gypsum powder particles are separated by passing the mixture of the salt laden chloride salt absorbing beads through a sieve.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles are fed to a mixer for said mixing of chloride salt absorbing beads with salt-containing gypsum powder particles, further comprising recycling the cleaned beads as bead feed to the mixer.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles are fed to a mixer for said mixing of chloride salt absorbing beads with salt-containing gypsum powder particles, further comprising recycling the treated gypsum particles to the mixer.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the zeolite is chosen from zeolites type X, zeolites type A, zeolites type Y, FAU zeolites (LSX, MSX, X, Y), LTA zeolites, CHA zeolites (chabazite), offretite, erionite, mordenite, gmelinite, mazzite, HEU zeolites (clinoptilolite), ZSM-3, EMT, EMC-2, ZSM-18, ZK5, ZSM-5, ZSM-11, Zeolite Beta, Zeolite type L, and mixtures of two or more of them.
15. The method of claim 10 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads comprise zeolite 13X or zeolite 5A.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles are formed from synthetic gypsum comprising one or more chloride salts and said one or more chloride salts provide at least a portion of said chloride anions.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chloride salt absorbing beads have an absence of moisture.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the salt-containing gypsum powder particles comprise at least 90 wt. % calcium sulfate dihydrate on a dry basis.