Aqueous dispersions and methods for production
High molecular weight ethylene (meth)acrylic acid (EAA) dispersions and methods for producing the same are provided. An exemplary method for producing a high molecular weight ethylene (meth)acrylic acid (EAA) dispersion includes mixing an ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer, having a mass flow index (MFI) of no greater than about 300 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg, and a base at a temperature of at least about 100° C. to form a molten phase in which the EAA copolymer is relaxed by the base. The exemplary method further includes mixing water with the molten phase at least until the molten phase disperses into the water to form the high molecular weight EAA dispersion.
1. A method for producing a high molecular weight ethylene (meth)acrylic acid (EAA) dispersion, the method comprising:
mixing an ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer having a mass flow index (MFI) of no greater than 300 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg, a plasticizer, and a base in dry solid form at a temperature of at least about 100° C. to form a molten phase in which the EAA copolymer is solvated by the plasticizer and in which the EAA copolymer is relaxed by the base, wherein the base, the plasticizer, and the EAA copolymer define a volume;
limiting an amount of water in the volume to at most 0.1% by weight when forming the molten phase; and
mixing water with the molten phase at least until the molten phase disperses into the water to form the high molecular weight EAA dispersion.
2. The method of claim 1 , comprising mixing the base, the plasticizer, and the EAA copolymer at a temperature of from about 120° C. to about 165° C. to form the molten phase in which the EAA copolymer is solvated by the plasticizer and in which the EAA copolymer is relaxed by the base.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is a polar protic solvent.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is an alcohol.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the plasticizer is an isopropyl alcohol (IPA) or ethanol.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water in the volume is 0% by weight.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the EAA copolymer has an MFI of no greater than about 200 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the EAA copolymer has an MFI of no greater than about 100 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the EAA copolymer has an ethylene:acrylic acid weight ratio of from about 84:16 to about 95:5.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the EAA copolymer has an ethylene:acrylic acid weight ratio of from about 84:16 to about 90:10.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base is an alkali metal salt.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base is potassium hydroxide (KOH).
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein no plasticizer is present when mixing the base and the ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer at a temperature of at least about 100° C. to form the molten phase.
14. The method of claim 13 , comprising mixing the base and the ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer at a temperature of at least about 160° C. to form the molten phase.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water in the volume is at most 0.01%.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of water in the volume is at most 0.001%.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the base, the plasticizer, and the EAA copolymer are mixed in a reactor vessel in a semi-batch process to form the molten phase.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising adding the water to the reactor vessel to before and while mixing the water with the molten phase in the reactor vessel.
19. The method of claim 17 , further comprising maintaining the reactor vessel at a temperature of at most 155° C.
20. A method for producing a high molecular weight ethylene (meth)acrylic acid (EAA) dispersion, the method comprising:
mixing in a reactor vessel an ethylene/(meth)acrylic acid (EAA) copolymer having a mass flow index (MFI) of no greater than 300 g/10 min at 190° C. and 2.16 kg, a plasticizer, and a base in dry solid form at a temperature of at least about 100° C. to form a molten phase in which the EAA copolymer is solvated by the plasticizer and in which the EAA copolymer is relaxed by the base;
maintaining the reactor vessel with no water present while forming the molten phase; and
adding water to the reactor vessel and mixing the water with the molten phase at least until the molten phase disperses into the water to form the high molecular weight EAA dispersion.