Sensor calibration circuit

1. A sensor calibration circuit, comprising:

a controller configured to transmit a first bias signal to a sensor and receive a first output signal from the sensor in response;

wherein the controller configured to transmit a second bias signal to the sensor and receive a second output signal from the sensor in response;

wherein the sensor is a Hall-Effect sensor have a sensor resistance;

wherein the output signals are Hall-Voltages (VH);

wherein the controller is configured to calibrate the sensor using a magnetic flux density (B), a temperature (T), and a mechanical stress (σ) affecting the Hall-Effect sensor; and

wherein the magnetic flux density (B), temperature (T), and mechanical stress (σ) are determined based on the sensor resistance and the first and second output signals.

2. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to calibrate a drift of the sensor based on the magnetic flux density (B), the temperature (T), and the mechanical stress (σ).

3. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to calibrate a detection sensitivity of the sensor based on the magnetic flux density (B), the temperature (T), and the mechanical stress (σ).

4. The circuit of claim 3 :

wherein the bias signals vary a charge carrier density within the sensor.

5. The circuit of claim 4 :

wherein calibration of the sensitivity is based on variations in the charge carrier density.

6. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to calibrate the sensor based on a mechanical stress (σ) equation;

wherein the equation is σ=[wj(T)*Voutj];

wherein j is either the first bias signal or the second bias signal;

wherein Voutj is either the first output signal or the second output signal; and

wherein w is a weighting factor based on the temperature (T).

7. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the sensor is configured to receive the bias signals at a back-bias electrode; and

wherein the back-bias electrode is coupled to a substrate containing the Hall-Effect sensor.

8. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the sensor is configured to receive the bias signals at a gate electrode.

9. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the sensor is configured to receive the bias signals at an input voltage electrode.

10. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the sensor is configured to receive the bias signals at an input current electrode.

11. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the sensor is a magnetic sensor.

12. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to generate the two Hall-Voltages (VH) by varying a bias voltage applied to a back-bias electrode coupled to the Hall Sensor.

13. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to generate the two Hall-Voltages (VH) by varying an input voltage (Vs) applied to the Hall Sensor.

14. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to generate the two Hall-Voltages (VH) by varying an input current (Is) applied to the Hall Sensor.

15. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to send the bias signals to the Hall-Effect sensor during a Hall-Effect sensor calibration phase.

16. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to turn off the bias signals during a Hall-Effect sensor operational phase.

17. The circuit of claim 1 :

wherein the controller is configured to calculate the magnetic flux density (B), the temperature (T), and the mechanical stress (σ) affecting the Hall-Effect sensor based only on the sensor resistance and the first and second output signals.

18. The circuit of claim 1 :

further comprising a spinning circuit having an input switch and an output switch;

wherein the spinning circuit is first configured to apply a first current or voltage to one set of two pins on the Hall-Effect sensor and then measure a first output voltage;

wherein the spinning circuit is first configured to apply a second current or voltage to another set of two pins on the Hall-Effect sensor and then measure a second output voltage; and

wherein the controller is configured to average the two output voltage measurements.