MESCALINE DERIVATIVES WITH MODIFIED ACTION
A composition for use in substance-assisted therapy, wherein: R is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and R′ is C 1 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkyl with the alkyl optionally substituted with F 1 -F 5 fluorine substituents up to a fully fluorinated alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally and independently substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, (C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl)-C 1 -C 2 branched or unbranched alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or C 2 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkenyl with E or Z vinylic, cis or trans allylic, E or Z allylic or other double bond position in relation to the attached ether function, where any of the carbons of the branched or unbranched alkenyl substituent is optionally substituted independently with one or more C 1 -C 2 alkyl, with F 1 -F 5 fluorine or with D 1 -D 5 deuteron substituents.
1 . A composition comprising a compound represented by FIG. 1 , which is
characterized in that R is one of the following substituents: hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and further characterized in that R′ is one of the following substituents
C 1 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkyl with the alkyl optionally substituted with F 1 -F 5 fluorine substituents up to a fully fluorinated alkyl, or
C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally and independently substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
(C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl)-C 1 -C 2 branched or unbranched alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
C 2 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkenyl with E or Z vinylic, cis or trans allylic, E or Z allylic or other double bond position in relation to the attached ether function, where any of the carbons of the branched or unbranched alkenyl substituent is optionally substituted independently with one or more C 1 -C 2 alkyl, with F 1 -F 5 fluorine or with D 1 -D 5 deuteron substituents.
2 . The composition of claim 1 , further characterized in that the compound is a free base.
3 . The composition of claim 1 , further characterized in that the compound is a salt thereof.
4 . The composition of claim 3 , further characterized in that the compound is a hydrochloride salt thereof.
5 . The composition of claim 4 , further characterized in that the compound is a pharmacologically acceptable acid addition salt thereof.
6 . The compounds of claim 1 , further characterized in that the compound is chosen from the group consisting of a racemate, a single enantiomer, a diastereomer, and a mixture of enantiomers or diastereomers in any ratio.
7 . A method of changing neurotransmission, including the steps of:
administering a pharmaceutically effective amount of composition to a mammal of a compound represented by FIG. 1 , which is characterized in that R is one of the following substituents: hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and which is further characterized in that R′ is one of:
C 1 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkyl with the alkyl optionally substituted with F 1 -F 5 fluorine substituents up to a fully fluorinated alkyl, or
C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally and independently substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
(C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl)-C 1 -C 2 branched or unbranched alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
C 2 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkenyl with E or Z vinylic, cis or trans allylic, E or Z allylic or other double bond position in relation to the attached ether function, where any of the carbons of the branched or unbranched alkenyl substituent is optionally substituted independently with one or more C 1 -C 2 alkyl, with F 1 -F 5 fluorine or with D 1 -D 5 deuteron substituents;
increasing serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor interaction in the mammal; and
inducing psychoactive effects.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound is chosen from the group consisting of a racemate, a single enantiomer, a single diastereomer, and a mixture of enantiomers or diastereomers in any ratio.
9 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the psychoactive effects include psychedelic or empathogenic effects having intensity, effect quality, or duration of effect in a mammal in comparison to that of mescaline.
10 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound is administered to mammals for substance-assisted psychotherapy.
11 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound is administered to allow for changing dose potency in comparison to mescaline.
12 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the compound is administered to allow for tailoring and treatment individualization to the mammal's therapeutic need.
13 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the mammal is a human.
14 . A method of deuteration to obtain a compound represented by FIG. 1 , which is
characterized in that R is one of the following substituents: hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, and which is further characterized in that R′ is one of the following substituents
C 1 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkyl with the alkyl optionally substituted with F 1 -F 5 fluorine substituents up to a fully fluorinated alkyl, or
C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl optionally and independently substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
(C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl)-C 1 -C 2 branched or unbranched alkyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as F 1 -F 5 fluorine and/or C 1 -C 2 alkyl, or
C 2 -C 5 branched or unbranched alkenyl with E or Z vinylic, cis or trans allylic, E or Z allylic or other double bond position in relation to the attached ether function, where any of the carbons of the branched or unbranched alkenyl substituent is optionally substituted independently with one or more C 1 -C 2 alkyl, with F 1 -F 5 fluorine or with D 1 -D 5 deuteron substituents,
consisting of the steps of:
abstracting protons from a reacting molecule and its intermediates;
covalently binding these initially abstracted protons in-situ; and
quenching the resulting metalated difluorovinyl ether with a deuterium source.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the reacting molecule is compound 7 and the intermediate is compound 10a.
16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein said abstracting protons step is achieved by adding a deprotonating agent.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the deprotonating agent is chosen from the group consisting of diisopropylamide, tert-butoxide, bis(trimethylsilyl)amide, and tetramethylpiperidides.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein the deprotonating agent is a tetramethylpiperidide and is chosen from the group of tetramethylpiperidides of lithium, sodium, and potassium.
19 . The method of claim 14 , wherein said covalently binding step is achieved by adding a reagent chosen from the group consisting of butyl lithium and methyl lithium.
20 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the deuterium source is chosen from the group consisting of D2O and a deuterated alcohol.