Cross-linked enhanced meta-aramid and preparation method therefor
The present disclosure provides a cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid and a preparation method therefor. In the method, an isocyanate is used as a cross-linking agent, treatment is performed for a period of time at a certain temperature after a catalyst is added, and then water washing, drying, and heat setting are performed to prepare a high-strength meta-aramid. With the present disclosure, a cross-linked meta-aramid is prepared and has an improved binding force between fibers and has excellent mechanical properties and high temperature resistance.
1. A preparation method for a cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid, comprising: placing meta-aramid precursor fibers in an organic solution of isocyanate containing a catalyst, letting stand for reaction to obtain a cross-linked meta-aramid, and subjecting the cross-linked meta-aramid to water washing, drying, and heat setting to obtain the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid, wherein:
the isocyanate is selected from one or more of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate, 2,6-toluene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, naphthyl 1,5-diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, and triphenylmethane triisocyanate;
in the organic solution of isocyanate containing the catalyst, a mass content of the isocyanate ranges from 1% to 10%, a mass content of the catalyst ranges from 0.5% to 3%, and the balance is an organic solvent; and
the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid has a structural formula of:
where 80≤n≤150, 80≤x≤150, 80≤m≤150; and
R is selected from one or more of
2. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein the catalyst is selected from one or two of stannous octoate, lead octoate, cobalt octoate, iron octoate, dibutyltin dilaurate, tetraisobutyl orthotitanate, and triethylenediamine.
3. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein an organic solvent in the organic solution is selected from N,N-dimethylacetamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, and dimethylsulfoxide.
4. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein the meta-aramid precursor fibers are let stand in the organic solution of isocyanate containing the catalyst for reaction at a temperature of 40° C. to 150° C. for 5 min to 60 min.
5. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein the cross-linked meta-aramid, after being washed with water, is dried at a temperature of 120° C. to 180° C. until a moisture content of the cross-linked meta-aramid is smaller than 5%, followed by the heat setting.
6. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein the heat setting is performed at a temperature of 200° C. to 400° C. with a heat drawing ratio of 1.5 to 4, until the meta-aramid is stably formed.
7. The preparation method for the cross-linking enhanced meta-aramid according to claim 1 , wherein the meta-aramid precursor fibers are obtained by forming a meta-aramid by wet spinning, followed by water washing and drying.