Germanium tetraflouride and hydrogen mixtures for an ion implantation system
The current disclosure is directed to methods and assemblies configured to deliver a mixture of germanium tetrafluoride (GeF 4 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) gases to an ion implantation apparatus, so H 2 is present in an amount in the range of 25%-67% (volume) of the gas mixture, or the GeF 4 and H 2 are present in a volume ratio (GeF 4 :H 2 ) in the range of 3:1 to 33:67. The use of the H 2 gas in an amount in mixture or relative to the GeF 4 gas prevents the volatilization of cathode material, thereby improving performance and lifetime of the ion implantation apparatus. Gas mixtures according to the disclosure also result in a significant Ge + current gain and W + peak reduction during au ion implantation procedure.
1. A gas supply assembly for providing a gas mixture in an ion implantation chamber,
wherein the gas supply assembly includes one or more fluid supply package(s),
wherein the one or more fluid supply package(s) includes the gas mixture, and
wherein the gas mixture includes germanium tetrafluoride (GeF 4 ) gas and hydrogen (H 2 ) gas.
2. The gas supply assembly of claim 1 , wherein the H 2 gas is present in an amount in the range of 37-67% of the gas mixture.
3. The gas supply assembly of claim 1 , wherein the GeF 4 gas and the H 2 gas are present in a volume ratio (GeF 4 :H 2 ) in the range of 63:37 to 33:67.
4. The gas supply assembly of claim 1 , wherein the gas mixture includes one or more non-GeF 4 gas and non-H 2 gas.
5. The gas supply assembly of claim 1 , further comprising an inert gas selected from the group consisting of argon, helium, neon, nitrogen, xenon, and krypton.
6. The gas supply assembly of claim 1 , wherein the GeF 4 gas is isotopically-enriched.
7. A gas supply assembly for providing a gas mixture in an ion implantation chamber,
wherein the gas supply assembly includes one or more fluid supply package(s),
wherein the one or more fluid supply package(s) includes the gas mixture,
wherein the gas mixture includes germanium tetrafluoride (GeF 4 ) gas and hydrogen (H 2 ) gas, and
wherein H 2 is present in an amount in the range of 25%-67% (volume) of the gas mixture.
8. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , wherein the GeF 4 gas and the H 2 gas are present in a volume ratio (GeF 4 :H 2 ) in the range of 63:37 to 33:67.
9. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , wherein the gas mixture includes only the GeF 4 gas and the H 2 gas without any other gas present.
10. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , wherein the gas mixture includes one or more non-GeF 4 gas and non-H 2 gas.
11. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , the gas mixture further includes an inert gas selected from the group consisting of argon, helium, neon, nitrogen, xenon, and krypton.
12. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , wherein the gas mixture includes about 1% to about 20% non-GeF 4 gas and non-H 2 gas.
13. The gas supply assembly of claim 7 , wherein the GeF 4 gas is isotopically-enriched.
14. A method of implanting germanium in a substrate, comprising:
introducing germanium tetrafluoride (GeF 4 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) gases into an ion implantation chamber comprising, wherein the GeF 4 and H 2 gases are present in a volume ratio (GeF 4 :H 2 ) in the range of 3:1 to 33:67.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the H 2 gas is delivered to the ion implantation chamber in a flow rate up to 70% greater than a flow rate of the GeF 4 gas.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the H 2 gas is present in an amount in the range of 37-67% of the gas mixture.
17. The method of claim 14 , wherein the GeF 4 gas is introduced to the ion implantation chamber intermittently in relation to flow of the H 2 gas to the ion implantation chamber.
18. The method of claim 14 , wherein the GeF 4 gas and the H 2 gas are mixed in a mixing chamber prior to dispensing to the ion implantation chamber.
19. The method of claim 14 , wherein the GeF 4 gas and the H 2 gas are separately flowed into the ion implantation chamber.
20. The method of claim 14 , wherein ion implantation chamber comprises a tungsten-containing filament.