Irradiation of red blood cells and anaerobic storage
A blood storage system comprising: a collection vessel for red blood cells; an oxygen or oxygen and carbon dioxide depletion device; a storage vessel for red blood cells; tubing connecting the collection vessel to the oxygen or oxygen and carbon dioxide depletion device and the oxygen or oxygen and carbon dioxide depletion device to the storage vessel; and a gamma or X-ray irradiating device is used to irradiate red blood cells stored in the vessel, storing red blood cells under anaerobic conditions.
1. A composition comprising gamma-irradiated, oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells without added L-carnitine or an alkanoyl derivative, wherein said gamma-irradiated, oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells are prepared by depleting the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SO 2 ) to less than 20% and depleting the carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO 2 ) to less than 10 millimeter of mercury (mmHg), storing oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells for a period of time, and then gamma-irradiating the stored oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells to form said gamma-irradiated, oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells,
wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells exhibit reduced potassium leakage compared to red blood cells gamma-irradiated after having been conventionally stored for a period of at least 22 days.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise less than 5% oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SO 2 ).
3. The composition of claim 2 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise less than 3% oxygen saturation of hemoglobin (SO 2 ).
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise less than 5 mmHg pCO 2 .
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise less than 1 mmHg pCO 2 .
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises reduced lesions compared to a composition comprising red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises reduced oxidative damage compared to a composition comprising red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
8. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise reduced irradiation damage compared to red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
9. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise increased deformability compared to red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells comprise reduced hemolysis compared to red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said gamma-irradiated oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells exhibit improved post-transfusion recovery compared to red blood cells having been conventionally stored for an equivalent period of time prior to being gamma-irradiated.
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein said improved post-transfusion recovery is after 6 weeks of storage.
13. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises an additive solution selected from the group consisting of additive solution 3 (AS-3) and oxygen free additive solution 3 (OFAS3).
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said composition is stored within a storage vessel substantially impermeable to oxygen or both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
15. The composition of claim 14 , wherein said storage vessel comprises an inner layer compatible with blood and an outer layer substantially impermeable to oxygen or both oxygen and carbon dioxide.
16. The composition of claim 14 , wherein said storage vessel can be gamma-irradiated.
17. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells are depleted of oxygen and carbon dioxide by an oxygen and carbon dioxide depletion device comprising gas-permeable films adapted to receiving and conveying red blood cells and an amount of an oxygen scavenger or both oxygen and a carbon dioxide scavenger.
18. The composition of claim 1 , wherein said oxygen and carbon dioxide depleted red blood cells are stored at a temperature from between 1° C. and 6° C.