Pulsatile flow atmospheric real time ionization
This disclosure presents inventions for ionization, for example, for use in mass spectrometer devices and methods. In an embodiment, a device is provided for introduction of pulses of a first carrier gas into an ionization chamber and introduction of a second carrier gas into the ionization chamber. Electrodes in the chamber ionize the carrier gas and direct the ionized gas toward a sample for analysis. The second carrier gas can either assist in washing out the first carrier gas or may become ionized along with the first carrier gas to improve ionization of an analyte. In an embodiment, a method for producing ionized carrier gasses is provided.
1. An ionizer for pulsed atmospheric ionization of a sample comprising:
an atmospheric pressure chamber comprising:
a first inlet for a first carrier gas;
a first electrode;
a counter-electrode; and
an outlet port;
a power supply configured to energize the first electrode and the counter-electrode to provide a current between the first and counter-electrodes to generate a discharge; and
a first pulse generator configured to pulse the first carrier gas into the first atmospheric pressure chamber starting at time t 1 and ending at time t 2 ; and
a second pulse generator configured to pulse the second carrier gas into the atmospheric pressure chamber starting at time t 2 and ending at time t 1 for a subsequent pulsing of the first carrier gas.
2. A method of ionizing an analyte with a pulsed flow atmospheric pressure ionization device of claim 1 , comprising:
(a) energizing a first electrode relative to a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, where the first electrode and the second electrode are located in a chamber, where the chamber comprises a first gas inlet and a first exit, and a second gas inlet and a second exit, where energizing the first electrode relative to the second electrode generates a discharge;
(b) introducing a first pulse of a first carrier gas through the first gas inlet into the chamber, where a duration of the first pulse of carrier gas is for a time beginning at t 1 , and ending at time t 2 ,
(c) introducing a pulse of a second carrier gas through the second gas inlet into the chamber, where a duration beginning at t 2 , and ending at t 1 of a subsequent pulsing of the first carrier gas;
(d) generating ions, electrons, and excited state species by the pulses of the first carrier gas; and
(e) directing the ions, electrons, excited state species at the analyte.
3. A method of ionizing an analyte with a pulsed flow atmospheric pressure ionization device of claim 1 , comprising:
(a) energizing a first electrode relative to a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, where the first electrode and the second electrode are located in a chamber, where the chamber comprises a first gas inlet and a first exit, and a second gas inlet and a second exit, where energizing the first electrode relative to the second electrode generates a discharge;
(b) introducing a first pulse of a first carrier gas through the first gas inlet into the chamber, where a duration of the first pulse of carrier gas is for a time beginning at t 1 , and ending at time t 2 ,
(c) introducing a continuous flow of a second carrier gas through the second gas inlet into the chamber;
(d) generating ions, electrons, and excited state species by the first and second carrier gases; and
(e) directing the ions, electrons, excited state species at the analyte.
4. A method of ionizing an analyte with a pulsed flow atmospheric pressure ionization device of claim 1 , comprising:
(a) energizing a first electrode relative to a second electrode spaced apart from the first electrode, where the first electrode and the second electrode are located in a chamber, where the chamber comprises a first gas inlet and a first exit, and a second gas inlet and a second exit, where energizing the first electrode relative to the second electrode generates a discharge;
(b) introducing a first pulse of a first carrier gas through the first gas inlet into the chamber, where a duration of the first pulse of carrier gas is for a time beginning at t 1 and ending at time t 2 ;
(c) introducing a pulse of a second carrier gas through the second gas inlet into the chamber, where a duration beginning at t 2 , and ending at t 1 of a subsequent pulse of the first carrier gas;
(d) generating ions, electrons, and excited state species by the pulses of the first and second carrier gases; and
(e) directing the ions, electrons, excited state species at the analyte.