Anisotropic iron nitride permanent magnets
Disclosed herein is a permanent magnet comprising: a plurality of aligned iron nitride nanoparticles wherein the iron nitride nanoparticles include α″-Fe 16 N 2 phase domains; wherein a ratio of integrated intensities of an α″-Fe 16 N 2 (004) x-ray diffraction peak to an α″-α″-Fe 16 N 2 (202) x-ray diffraction peak for the aligned iron nitride nanoparticles is greater than at least 7%, wherein the diffraction vector is parallel to alignment direction, and wherein the iron nitride nanoparticles exhibit a squareness measured parallel to the alignment direction that is greater than a squareness measured perpendicular to the alignment direction.
1. A dispersion comprising:
iron nitride nanoparticles, wherein the iron nitride nanoparticles include an α″-Fe 16 N 2 phase and a solvent,
wherein a ratio of integrated intensities of an α″-Fe 16 N 2 (004) x-ray diffraction peak to an α″-Fe 16 N 2 (202) x-ray diffraction peak for the iron nitride nanoparticles is greater than at least 0.19, where the diffraction vector is parallel to alignment direction, and
wherein the dispersion exhibits a squareness measured parallel to the alignment direction that is greater than a squareness measured perpendicular to the alignment direction.
2. The dispersion of claim 1 , wherein the weight fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 80% to 95%.
3. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the weight fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 85% to 95%.
4. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the weight fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 90 to 95%.
5. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the volume fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 40% to 75%.
6. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the volume fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 50% to 75%.
7. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the volume fraction of the nanoparticle relative to the dispersion is in a range of from 60% to 75%.
8. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises water and one or more additives.
9. The dispersion of claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises an organic solvent and one or more additives.