System and methods for providing a user key performance indicators for basketball
The disclosure is directed to systems and methods for providing a user with key performance indicators of a basketball player relating to accuracy, precision and improvement. Specifically, the disclosure is directed to a system of sensors coupled to a basketball backboard adapted to provide an accurate tracking of a shot in a given three-dimensional space and extract features manipulated to yield key performance indicators based on establishing whether, how often and where the ball center passes the rim plane at a sub-cm resolution over a period of no more than 200 msec.
1 . A system for providing performance indicators of a basketball player to a user, the system comprising:
a. a backboard having a front surface and a rear surface;
b. a hoop rim operably coupled to the backboard, wherein the hoop rim defines a plane that is perpendicular to the backboard;
c. a sensing module, wherein the sensing module comprises at least one depth sensor yielding X, Y, Z coordinate values representing points on a surface of a basketball within a field of view the depth sensorto trace a course of the basketball over a predetermined voxel; and
d. a processing module, in communication with at least one of the sensing module, the backboard and the hoop rim, the processing module having a central processing unit in communication with a non-volatile memory having thereon a processor-readable medium with a set of executable instructions configured to, when executed by at least one processor:
i. determine that a ball is within the predetermined voxel,
ii. determine, using the X, Y, Z coordinate values representing points on a surface of the ball within the field of view of the depth sensor, a location of the ball center,
iii. determine, the ball center location relative to the hoop rim,
iv. determine a series of ball center positions to trace the ball within the predetermined voxel;
v. determine a planar location on the hoop rim plane where the ball center crosses,
vi. calculate an arc of the ball;
vii. recognize, based on a course of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, a cluster of shots;
viii. determine, based on a predetermined point on the hoop rim plane, an offset of the shot cluster, wherein the offset is the distance between the predetermined point on the hoop rim plane and a weighted cluster center; and
ix. provide the user, based on the course of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, performance indicators related to the cluster of shots.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the sensing module is located at the rear surface of the backboard, or at a top of the backboard, or is located above the hoop rim plane and/or off-center relative to the hoop rim.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a basketball game time administration means in communication with the processing module, and wherein the set of executable instructions is further configured, when executed, to cause the at least one processor to:
a. determine the ball center location relative to the hoop rim;
b. determine the planar location on the hoop rim plane where the ball center crosses the hoop rim;
c. plot a time versus location of the ball center in relation to the hoop rim; and
d. once the ball passes the hoop rim beyond a threshold defined by the user, communicate one or more of a time the ball passes the threshold, a ball deflection, the ball center passing an apex, the ball touching the backboard, the ball touching the hoop rim, and the ball center passing above a cylinder of the hoop rim to the basketball game time administration means.
4 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the predetermined voxel is proximate a hoop rim center and parameters of a shot include one or more of arc, origin, made/missed, exact hit point, ball spin, backboard contact, hoop rim contact, deflection, and time the ball completely passed through the hoop rim.
5 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the backboard is transparent and the sensing module is located behind the backboard.
6 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the depth sensor is chosen from one or more of an IR depth sensor, an IR optical sensor with flash/strobe, a combination of RGB camera, an IR camera and an IR Laser projector LIDAR, Radar, laser scanning, and a polarization-based depth sensor.
7 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising:
providing the user, based on each of the courses of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, one or more performance indicators related to the player based on an individual shot.
8 . The system of claim 7 , further comprising determining an origin of a shot based on the course of the ball over the predetermined voxel.
9 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the executable instructions are configured to further determine an origin of a shot, a shot cluster, or a cluster offset.
10 . The system of claim 7 , wherein a performance indicator is chosen from one or more of a fractional number of shots within a volume that crossed the hoop rim plane, a location where the ball center crossed the hoop rim plane, a size of a cluster of shots, an offset of the cluster of shots from a predetermined point on the hoop rim plane, or a ball center arc angle.
11 . A method of providing a user with a performance indicator of a basketball player, implementable in a computerized system with a display, comprising:
a backboard having a front surface and a rear surface;
a hoop rim operably coupled to the backboard, wherein the hoop rim defines a plane that is substantially perpendicular to the backboard;
a sensing module, wherein the sensing module comprises at least one depth sensor yielding X, Y, Z coordinate values representing points on a surface of a basketball within a field of view of the depth sensor to trace a course of the basketball over a predetermined voxel; and
a processing module, in communication with at least one of the display, the sensing module, the backboard and the hoop rim, the processing module having a central processing unit in communication with a non-volatile memory having thereon a processor-readable medium with a set of executable instructions configured to, when executed, cause a processor to perform a method comprising:
determining that a ball is within the predetermined voxel,
determining, using the X, Y, Z coordinate values representing points on a surface of the ball within the field of view of the depth sensor, a location of a ball center;
determining the ball center location relative to the hoop rim;
determining a series of ball center positions to trace the ball within the predetermined voxel;
determining a planar location on the hoop rim plane where the ball center crosses;
calculating an arc of the ball;
recognizing, based on a course of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, a cluster of shots;
determining, based on a predetermined point on the hoop rim plane, an offset of the cluster of shots, wherein the offset is the distance between the predetermined point on the hoop rim plane and a weighted cluster center; and
providing the user, based on the course of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, performance indicators related to the cluster of shots.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the sensing module comprises at least one of an optic sensor, a proximity sensor, an acceleration sensor, an additional depth sensor, or a sensor combination comprising the foregoing.
13 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the system further comprises a basketball game time administration means in communication with the processing module, the method further comprising:
a. determining the ball center location relative to the hoop rim;
b. determining the planar location on the hoop rim plane where the ball center crosses the hoop rim;
c. plotting a time versus location of the ball center in relation to the hoop rim; and
d. once the ball passes the hoop rim beyond a threshold defined by the user, communicating one or more of a time the ball passes the threshold, a ball deflection, the ball center passing an apex, the ball touching the backboard, the ball touching the hoop rim, and the ball center passing above a cylinder of the hoop rim to the basketball game time administration means.
14 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
providing the user, based on each of the courses of the ball center, the hoop rim and the plane, one or more performance indicators related to the player based on an individual shot.
15 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the performance indicator is chosen from one or more of a fractional number of shots within a volume that crossed the hoop rim plane, a location where the ball center crossed the hoop rim plane, a size of a cluster of shots, an offset of the cluster of shots from a predetermined point on the hoop rim plane, or a ball center arc angle.
16 . The method of claim 14 , wherein the predetermined point on the hoop rim plane is shot origin specific.