Spiro-bisphosphorous compound, and preparation and application thereof
Disclosed are a spiro-bisphosphorous compound, and a preparation and application thereof. The spiro-bisphosphorous compound is expressed in formula (I), (II) or (III).
1. A spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I), formula (II) or formula (III)
wherein:
R 0 is methoxy or tert-butyl; R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy and hydrogen; and
R 5 , R 6 and R 7 are independently selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 10 alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy and hydrogen; n is C 1 -C 10 alkylene; and PR 9 is a chlorophosphite structure comprising an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, O-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group; or a chlorophosphoramidite structure comprising pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, carbazolyl or pyridyl.
2. The spiro-bisphosphorous compound of claim 1 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound is shown in formula (I-1):
or
formula (II-1):
wherein the PR 9 is selected from the group consisting of:
3. The spiro-bisphosphorous compound of claim 1 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound is shown in formula (III-1):
wherein the PR 9 is selected from the group consisting of:
4. A method for preparing the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of claim 1 , comprising:
subjecting 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 5-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde, 3-methoxybenzaldehyde or 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde to alkylation, aldol condensation, hydrogenation and cyclodehydration in sequence to obtain 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol; and subjecting the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol to esterification to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I) or (II);
subjecting 3-methoxyphenol to alkylation, nucleophilic substitution, oxidation, cyclodehydration and debromination in sequence to obtain 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol; and subjecting the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol to esterification to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III); or
subjecting 1,3-dihalobenzene to lithiation, nucleophilic addition, dehydration, aldol condensation/Cannizzaro reaction, aromatic nucleophilic substitution, Pd/C-catalyzed debenzylation and alkylation in sequence to obtain 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol; and subjecting the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol to esterification to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III).
5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I) or (II) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde to alkylation in the presence of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde;
subjecting the 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde to aldol condensation with acetone in the presence of an alkali to obtain 1, 5-bis(2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one to hydrogenation in the presence of a reducing catalyst to obtain 1,5-bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone;
subjecting the 1,5-bis(2,4-di-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone to cyclization in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding, a mixture composed of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent or an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the mixed solution of the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent or the lithiation product, followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
6. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I) or (II) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 5-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzaldehyde to alkylation in the presence of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain 2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde;
subjecting the 2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde to aldol condensation with acetone in the presence of an alkali to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one to hydrogenation in the presence of a reducing catalyst to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-methoxy-4-tert-butyl-5-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone to cyclization in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4, 4′-dimethoxy-6, 6′-di-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4, 4′-dimethoxy-6, 6′-di-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4, 4′-dimethoxy-6, 6′-di-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to the reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding, at a −78˜−10° C., a mixture composed of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent or an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the mixed solution of the 4, 4′-dimethoxy-6, 6′-di-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent or the lithiation product, followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
7. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I) or (II) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 3-methoxybenzaldehyde to aldol condensation with acetone to obtain 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one; and subjecting the 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one to halogenation with bromine or N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one to hydrogenation in the catalysis of a metal catalyst to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-pentanone;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-pentanone to cyclization in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane;
subjecting the 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane to debromination in the presence of n-butyllithium to obtain 7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane;
subjecting the 7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane to demethylation in the presence of a demethylation agent to obtain 1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol;
subjecting the 1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol to alkylation with tert-butanol in the catalysis of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to the reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture composed of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent or an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the mixed solution of the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent or the lithiation product, followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, or naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
8. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (I) or (II) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde to halogenation with bromine or NBS to obtain 2-bromo-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde; and subjecting the 2-bromo-5-hydroxybenzaldehyde to aldol condensation with acetone to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-hydroxyphenyl)-1, 4-pentadien-3-one to hydrogenation in the catalysis of a metal catalyst to obtain 1,5-bis(2-bromo-3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-pentanone to cyclization in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dihydroxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane;
subjecting the 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dihydroxy-1, 1′-spirobiindane to debromination in the presence of Pd/C to obtain 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent to the mixed solution of the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol and the organic solvent followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound; or dropwise adding an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the lithiation product followed by esterification, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
9. The method of claim 4 , wherein in the alkylation, the protonic acid or Lewis acid is an organic acid, an inorganic acid or a combination thereof;
the organic acid is selected from the group consisting of formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, dichloroacetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, propionic acid, malonic acid, pyruvic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, adipic acid, benzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, terephthalic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, fluorosulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid and a combination thereof;
the inorganic acid is selected from the group consisting of hydrobromic acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfuric acid, perchloric acid, phosphonic acid, pyrophosphoric acid, nitric acid, nitrous acid, chromic acid, magic acid, fluoroantimonic acid and a combination thereof;
an alkylating agent used in the alkylation is tert-butyl bromide, tert-butyl chloride, isobutene or tert-butanol;
a solvent used in the alkylation is benzene, toluene, p-toluene, p-xylene, o-xylene, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene; and
the alkylation is performed at 80-140° C.
10. The method of claim 4 , wherein the aldol condensation is performed at 20-75° C. in a solvent in the presence of 1.5-10 equivalents of an alkali; the alkali is selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium tert-butoxide and potassium tert-butoxide; and
the solvent is ethanol, water or an ethanol-water mixture, wherein a volume ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol-water mixture is (1-9):1.
11. The method of claim 4 , wherein the hydrogenation is performed at a temperature of 20-50° C. and a hydrogen pressure of 0.05-5 MPa in a solvent in the presence of a catalyst for 24-72 h;
wherein the catalyst is Raney nickel, ferric chloride, cobalt oxide or Pd/C; and
the solvent is ethyl acetate, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane or 1,4-dioxane.
12. The method of claim 4 , wherein the cyclodehydration is performed at 45-135° C. in a solvent in the presence of 10-70 equivalents of a dehydrating agent for 2-6 h;
wherein the dehydrating agent is polyphosphoric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, acetic anhydride, methanesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or anhydrous aluminum trichloride;
the solvent is toluene, n-heptane, dichloromethane, trichloromethane or dichloroethane.
13. The method of claim 4 , wherein the esterification between the chlorophosphite compound and the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol is performed in the presence of 5-20 equivalents of the acid-binding agent for 12-48 h, and the acid-binding agent is triethylamine, N,N-diisopropylethylamine or pyridine;
the esterification between the chlorinated form of the phosphite and the lithiation product is performed at −78-80° C. in the presence of 2-4 equivalents of n-butyllithium for 12-48 h;
the lithiation product is produced in the presence of 2-4 equivalents of n-butyllithium; and
the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of toluene, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, methyl tert-butyl ether, isopropyl ether, anisole, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, butyl ether, cyclopentyl methyl ether and 1, 4-dioxane.
14. The method of claim 5 , wherein the crystallization is performed in a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethyl acetate, toluene, dichloromethane, ethanol, acetonitrile, petroleum ether, n-hexane, tetrahydrofuran and a combination thereof.
15. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 1, 3-difluorobenzene to lithiation with n-butyllithium to obtain an aryl lithium reagent; reacting the aryl lithium reagent with methyl trimethylsilyl (TMS) glycolate to obtain an aryl ketone; and subjecting the aryl ketone to nucleophilic addition with the aryl lithium reagent followed by hydrolysis with dilute hydrochloric acid and removal of TMS group to obtain 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol;
heating the 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-1, 2-ethanediol under reflux in sulfuric acid followed by dehydration to obtain 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-acetaldehyde;
subjecting the 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-acetaldehyde to aldol condensation with paraformaldehyde in the catalysis of an alkali to obtain 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropionaldehyde; and subjecting the 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropionaldehyde to Cannizzaro reaction to obtain 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-1, 3-propanediol;
subjecting the 1, 1-bis(2, 6-difluorophenyl)-1, 3-propanediol and a leaving group to nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) in the presence of a first acid-binding agent followed by cyclization to obtain 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-difluoro;
subjecting the 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-difluoro to SNAr with benzyl alcohol in the presence of a second acid-binding agent to obtain 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-dibenzyl ether;
subjecting the 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-dibenzyl ether to debenzylation in the presence of Pd/C to obtain a racemic 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
subjecting tert-butanol to dehydration in the catalysis of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain isobutylene; and subjecting the isobutylene and the racemic 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol to electrophilic addition to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent to the mixed solution of the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound; or dropwise adding an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the lithiation product, followed by esterification, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
16. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting 3-methoxyphenol to nucleophilic substitution with 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol to obtain 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propanol;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propanol to oxidation in the catalysis of chromium trioxide to obtain 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone to halogenation with bromine or NBS to obtain 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone;
subjecting the 1, 5-bis(2-bromo-3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone to Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran;
subjecting the 4, 4′-dibromo-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran to debromination in the presence of n-butyllithium to obtain 7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran;
subjecting the 7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran to demethylation in the presence of a demethylation agent to obtain 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
subjecting the 1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and isobutene to alkylation to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to the reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent to the mixed solution of the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound; or dropwise adding an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the lithiation product, followed by esterification, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
17. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting isobutylene and proton to addition reaction in the catalysis of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain a tert-butyl carbocation; and subjecting the tert-butyl carbocation to alkylation with 3-methoxyphenol to obtain 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-methoxyphenol;
subjecting the 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-methoxyphenol to nucleophilic substitution with 1, 3-dichloro-2-propanol to obtain 2,4-di-tert-butyl-1,5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propanol;
subjecting the 2,4-di-tert-butyl-1,5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propanol to oxidation in the catalysis of chromium trioxide to obtain 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone;
subjecting the 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-acetone to Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran;
subjecting the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran to demethylation in the presence of a demethylation agent to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to the reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture composed of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent to the mixed solution of the 1,1′-spirobiindane-7,7′-diol and the organic solvent followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound; or dropwise adding an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the lithiation product, followed by esterification, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
18. The method of claim 4 , wherein the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of formula (III) is prepared through steps of:
subjecting isobutylene and proton to addition reaction in the catalysis of a protonic acid or a Lewis acid to obtain a tert-butyl carbocation; and subjecting the tert-butyl carbocation to alkylation with 3-methoxyphenol to obtain 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-methoxyphenol;
subjecting the 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-5-methoxyphenol to nucleophilic substitution with 2, 2-bis(chloromethyl)-1, 3-dioxolane to obtain 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propyl dioxolane;
subjecting the 2, 4-di-tert-butyl-1, 5-bis(3-methoxyphenoxy)-2-propyl dioxolane to Friedel-Crafts reaction in the presence of a dehydrating agent to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran;
subjecting the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-7, 7′-dimethoxy-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran to demethylation in the presence of a demethylation agent to obtain 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol;
sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a mixed solution; or sequentially adding the 4,4′,6,6′-tetra-tert-butyl-1, 1′-spirodihydrobenzofuran-7, 7′-diol and an organic solvent to a reaction vessel under a nitrogen atmosphere; dropwise adding n-butyllithium at −78˜−10° C. to obtain a reaction mixture; and restoring the reaction mixture to room temperature followed by reaction under reflux to obtain a lithiation product; and
dropwise adding a mixture of a chlorophosphite compound and an acid-binding agent to the mixed solution of the 1, 1′-spirobiindane-7, 7′-diol and the organic solvent followed by esterification at room temperature, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound; or dropwise adding an organic solution of a chlorinated form of a phosphite to the lithiation product, followed by esterification, filtration to remove inorganic salts, concentration and crystallization to obtain the spiro-bisphosphorous compound, wherein the chlorophosphite compound comprises an aryl group selected from the group consisting of a biphenyl, methylene diphenyl, binaphthyl, benzoyloxy, o-phenyl, phenyl, and naphthyl group, and the phosphite is selected from the group consisting of:
19. A method for catalyzing carbonylation related reactions, comprising:
sequentially adding the spiro-bisphosphorous compound of claim 1 and a transition metal catalyst to an organic solvent in a reaction vessel under the protection of an inert gas followed by stirring at room temperature for complexation, wherein a molar ratio of phosphine in the spiro-bisphosphorous compound to the transition metal catalyst is (1-5):1;
under the protection of an inert gas, adding liquified etherified C4, methanol-to-olefins (MTO) C4, cis-2-butene or trans-2-butene to the reaction vessel followed by stirring at room temperature, wherein a concentration of the transition metal catalyst is controlled at 50-200 ppm; and
feeding hydrogen and carbon monoxide into the reaction vessel followed by reaction under stirring at 40-100° C. for 1-4 h, wherein a pressure ratio of the hydrogen to the carbon monoxide is 1:(1-5), and a total pressure of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is controlled at 0.5-1 MPa.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the etherified C4 and the MTO C4 independently consist of 0-30 wt % of 1-butene, 0-70 wt % of trans-2-butene, 0-40 wt % of cis-2-butene, 0-30 wt % of n-butane, 0-20 wt % of isobutane and 0-10 wt % of isobutylene.