System and method using multilayer optical lattice qubit arrays for quantum computing
A quantum computing (QC) system includes a first plurality of logical qubits in a first substantially planar region and a second plurality of logical qubits in a second substantially planar region that is substantially parallel to the first substantially planar region. At least some of the first plurality of logical qubits are configured to interact with one another, and at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits are configured to interact with one another and to interact with the at least some of the first plurality of logical qubits. The QC system can include additional pluralities of logical qubits in additional substantially planar regions that are substantially parallel to the first and second substantially planar regions and at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits can be configured to interact with one or more of the additional pluralities of logical qubits.
1 . A quantum computing (QC) system comprising:
a first plurality of logical qubits in a first substantially planar region;
a second plurality of logical qubits in a second substantially planar region that is substantially parallel to the first substantially planar region; and
a plurality of logical qubit gates each defined by three or more entangled logical qubits, the three or more entangled logical qubits comprising a combination of (a) at least one logical qubit of the first plurality of logical qubits and (b) at least one qubit of the second plurality of logical qubits.
2 . The system of claim 1 , wherein at least some of the plurality of logical qubit gates form at least one three-dimensional (3-D) gate cell array such that the at least one 3-D gate cell array undergoes multiple-qubit gate operations in which more than two logical qubits participate simultaneously.
3 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a third plurality of logical qubits in a third substantially planar region substantially parallel to the second substantially planar region, wherein the plurality of logical qubit gates are defined by three or more entangled logical qubits from at least two of the first plurality of logical qubits, the second plurality of logical qubits, or the third plurality of logical qubits.
4 . The system of claim 3 , wherein the logical qubits of the first, second, and third pluralities of logical qubits are individually addressable.
5 . The system of claim 3 , further comprising at least one additional plurality of logical qubits in at least one additional substantially planar region substantially parallel to the third substantially planar region, wherein the plurality of logical qubit gates are defined by three or more entangled logical qubits from at least two of the first plurality of logical qubits, the second plurality of logical qubits, the third plurality of logical qubits, and the at least one additional plurality of logical qubits.
6 . The system of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of optical beams defining a plurality of confinement regions comprising first confinement regions arranged in a substantially planar first optical lattice and second confinement regions arranged in a substantially planar second optical lattice substantially parallel to the first optical lattice, wherein the first plurality of logical qubits are in the first optical lattice and the second plurality of logical qubits are in the second optical lattice, and wherein the first confinement region corresponds to the first substantially planar region and the second confinement region corresponds to the second substantially planar region.
7 . The system of claim 6 , wherein the plurality of confinement regions further comprises third confinement regions arranged in a substantially planar third optical lattice substantially parallel to the second optical lattice, wherein a third plurality of logical qubits are in the third optical lattice.
8 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of confinement regions further comprises at least one additional confinement region arranged in at least one additional optical lattice substantially parallel to the third optical lattice, the at least one additional optical lattice comprising at least one additional plurality of logical qubits.
9 . The system of claim 7 , wherein groups of entangled logical qubits of the first, second, and third pluralities of logical qubits comprise a plurality of multiple-qubit 3-D gate cells, wherein each logical qubit of a multiple-qubit 3-D gate cell of the plurality of multiple-qubit 3-D gate cells quantum-mechanically entangles with at least one other logical qubit of the multiple-qubit 3-D gate cell.
10 . The system of claim 7 , wherein the confinement regions of each of the first optical lattice, the second optical lattice, and the third optical lattice are arranged in a two-dimensional pattern that is substantially symmetric square-shaped pattern, diamond-shaped pattern, or rhombus-shaped pattern.
11 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the first plurality of logical qubits are fully entangled with the at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits.
12 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the first plurality of logical qubits and/or the at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits are fully entangled with nearest neighboring logical qubits and next-nearest neighboring logical qubits of the first plurality of logical qubits and the second plurality of logical qubits.
13 . The system of claim 12 , wherein the at least some of the first plurality of logical qubits and/or the at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits are fully entangled with next-next-nearest neighboring logical qubits of the first plurality of logical qubits and the second plurality of logical qubits.
14 . The system of claim 1 , wherein the at least some of the first plurality of logical qubits and/or the at least some of the second plurality of logical qubits comprise at least one physical qubit comprising one of: naturally occurring atoms; neutral atoms; charged atoms; ions; molecules; artificially formed atoms; Rydberg atoms; nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond; Bose-Einstein condensates; electrons; photons; quantum particles; quantum dots; phonons; or transmons.
15 . A quantum computing (QC) system comprising:
a plurality of confinement regions to contain logical qubits in a multilayer qubit lattice array comprising more than two dimensions; and
a plurality of quantum gates comprising three or more logical qubits in one or more of the more than two dimensions of the multilayer qubit lattice array, the quantum gates to perform quantum logic operations involving three or more logical qubits natively without reliance on concatenations of one-and two-qubit gates.
16 . The system of claim 15 , wherein at least some of the quantum logic operations utilize two or more control qubits acting on one or more target qubits natively.
17 . The system of claim 16 , wherein the quantum logic operations comprise one or more of: singly-controlled, multiple NOT gate; Fanout gate; multiply-controlled NOT gate; Toffoli gate; super Toffoli gate; or multiply-controlled phase gate.
18 . The system of claim 15 , further comprising electrical and optical elements configured to perform multi-qubit logic operations.
19 . The system of claim 15 , further comprising electrical traces, optical beam configurations, detectors, and stray light management elements configured to enable low noise addressing and read-out of individual qubits in the multilayer qubit lattice array.
20 . The system of claim 15 , wherein the multilayer qubit lattice array comprises multiple substantially parallel planar qubit lattice arrays.
21 . The system of claim 20 , wherein the multiple substantially parallel planar qubit lattice arrays comprise at least a first planar qubit lattice array and a second planar qubit lattice array, the qubits of the first planar qubit lattice array offset from the qubits of the second planar qubit lattice array along a direction substantially parallel to the first planar qubit lattice array.
22 . The system of claim 21 , further comprising at least one additional planar qubit lattice array comprising qubits aligned with the qubits of the first planar qubit lattice array, aligned with the qubits of the second array, or having an offset along a direction substantially parallel to the second planar qubit lattice array by a magnitude substantially equal to the offset between the first and second planar qubit lattice arrays.
23 . The system of claim 21 , wherein the offset between the first and second planar qubit lattice arrays enables a plurality of view angles from which each of the logical qubits is optically addressed individually and from which states of each of the logical qubits is detected individually so as to effect multiple-qubit gate operations natively.
24 . The system of claim 21 , wherein the offset between the first and second planar qubit lattice arrays enables simultaneous entanglement of more qubits at a given interaction distance and within a given volume than in square and cubic lattice configurations.
25 . A quantum computing (QC) system comprising:
a first containment zone to confine a first plurality of qubits in a first substantially planar region;
a second containment zone to confine a second plurality of qubits in a second substantially planar region that is substantially parallel to the first substantially planar region; and
a plurality of optical elements to define reconfigurable multi-qubit gates via entanglement of three or more qubits, the three or more qubits comprising a combination of (a) at least one qubit of the first plurality of qubits and (b) at least one qubit of the second plurality of qubits.
26 . The system of claim 25 , wherein the first plurality of qubits and the second plurality of qubits are positioned in the first containment zone and the second containment zone, respectively, to provide a line of sight to each one of the first plurality of qubits and the second plurality of qubits by corresponding ones of the plurality of optical elements, and wherein the line of sight and the plurality of optical elements enable individually addressable logical qubits.
27 . The system of claim 25 , wherein a first intraplanar distance between qubits of the first plurality of qubits and a second intraplanar distance between qubits of the second plurality of qubits comprise less than about 15 microns, and wherein an interplanar distance between qubits of the first plurality of qubits and the second plurality of qubits comprises less than about 15 microns.