Composite, zone-coated, dual-use ammonia (AMOX) and nitric oxide oxidation catalyst
A composite, zone-coated, dual-use ammonia (AMOX) and nitric oxide oxidation catalyst ( 12 ) comprises: a substrate ( 5 ) having a total length L and a longitudinal axis and having a substrate surface extending axially between a first substrate end (I) and a second substrate end (O); two or more catalyst washcoat zones ( 1; 2 ) comprised of a first catalyst washcoat layer ( 9 ) comprising a refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon and a second catalyst washcoat layer ( 11 ) different from the first catalyst washcoat layer ( 9 ) and comprising a refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon, which two or more catalyst washcoat zones ( 1; 2 ) being arranged axially in series on and along the substrate surface, wherein a first catalyst washcoat zone ( 1 ) having a length L 1 , wherein L 1 <L, is defined at one end by the first substrate end (I) and at a second end ( 13 ) by a first end ( 15 ) of a second catalyst washcoat zone ( 2 ) having a length L 2 , wherein L 2 <L, wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone ( 1 ) comprises a first refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and the second catalyst washcoat zone comprises a second refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and a washcoat overlayer (G) extending axially from the first substrate end for up to 200% of the axial length of the underlying first catalyst washcoat layer, which washcoat overlayer comprising a particulate metal oxide loading of >48.8 g/l (>0.8 g/in 3 ), wherein the particulate metal oxide is an aluminosilicate zeolite including at least one of copper, iron and manganese, wherein a total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone ( 1 ) defined in grams of platinum group metal per litre of substrate volume (g/l) is different from the total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone ( 2 ).
1. An exhaust system for a vehicular compression ignition engine for treating an exhaust gas comprising inter alia oxides of nitrogen (NO x ), the exhaust system comprising:
a composite oxidation catalyst comprising
an oxidation catalyst substrate having a total length L and a longitudinal axis and having an oxidation catalyst substrate surface extending axially between a first oxidation catalyst substrate end and a second oxidation catalyst substrate end;
two or more catalyst washcoat zones comprised of a first catalyst washcoat layer comprising a refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon and a second catalyst washcoat layer different from the first catalyst washcoat layer and comprising a refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon, which two or more catalyst washcoat zones being arranged axially in series on and along the oxidation catalyst substrate surface, wherein a first catalyst washcoat zone having a length L 1 , wherein L 1 <L, is defined at one end by the first oxidation catalyst substrate end and at a second end by a first end of a second catalyst washcoat zone having a length L 2 , wherein L 2 <L, wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone comprises a first refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and the second catalyst washcoat zone comprises a second refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon; and
a washcoat overlayer extending axially from the first oxidation catalyst substrate end for up to 200% of the axial length of the underlying first catalyst washcoat layer, which washcoat overlayer comprising a particulate metal oxide loading of >48.8 g/l (>0.8g/in 3 ), wherein the particulate metal oxide is an aluminosilicate zeolite including at least one of copper, iron and manganese, wherein a total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone defined in grams of platinum group metal per litre of substrate volume (g/l) is different from the total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone;
a first injector for a nitrogenous reductant or a precursor thereof connected to a source of nitrogenous reductant or nitrogenous reductant precursor, which first injector being arranged to inject the nitrogenous reductant or nitrogenous reductant precursor into a flowing exhaust gas upstream from the composite oxidation catalyst; and,
a selective catalytic reduction catalyst substrate comprising a selective catalytic reduction catalyst disposed between the first injector for a nitrogenous reductant or a precursor thereof and the composite oxidation catalyst,
wherein the first oxidation catalyst substrate end of the composite oxidation catalyst is oriented to an upstream side.
2. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the second catalyst washcoat zone is defined at a second end thereof by the second oxidation catalyst substrate end and wherein the first catalyst washcoat zone comprises the first catalyst washcoat layer and the second catalyst washcoat zone comprises the second catalyst washcoat layer.
3. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone is less than the total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone.
4. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the total platinum group metal loading in the first catalyst washcoat zone is greater than a total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone.
5. The exhaust system according to claim 4 comprising three or more catalyst washcoat zones including one zone formed from a two-layer overlap region of the first catalyst washcoat layer and the second catalyst washcoat layer, wherein a third catalyst washcoat zone comprising a third refractory metal oxide support material and one or more platinum group metal components supported thereon is defined at a second end thereof by the second oxidation catalyst substrate end and wherein a total platinum group metal loading in the third catalyst washcoat zone defined in grams of platinum group metal per litre of substrate volume (g/l) is less than the total platinum group metal loading in the second catalyst washcoat zone.
6. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the one or more platinum group metal components in the first catalyst washcoat zone consists of both platinum and palladium.
7. The exhaust system according to claim 6 , wherein a weight ratio of platinum to palladium is ≥1.
8. The exhaust system according to claim 6 , wherein a weight ratio of platinum to palladium is <1.
9. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the washcoat overlayer extends axially for up to 150% of the axial length of the underlying first catalyst washcoat layer from the first oxidation catalyst substrate end.
10. The exhaust system according to claim 9 , wherein the washcoat overlayer extends axially for up to 120% of the axial length of the underlying first catalyst washcoat layer from the first oxidation catalyst substrate end.
11. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein where the aluminosilicate zeolite in the washcoat overlayer includes copper, the aluminosilicate zeolite also includes cerium.
12. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the washcoat loading of the washcoat overlayer is 0.8 to 3.5 g in −3 .
13. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the washcoat overlayer extends axially for >50% of the axial length of the underlying first catalyst washcoat layer from the first oxidation catalyst substrate end.
14. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminosilicate zeolite in the washcoat overlayer is faujasite, clinoptilolite, mordenite, silicalite, ferrierite, zeolite X, zeolite Y, ultrastable zeolite Y, AEI zeolite, ZSM-5 zeolite, ZSM-12 zeolite, ZSM-20 zeolite, ZSM-34 zeolite, CHA zeolite, SSZ-13 zeolite, offretite or a beta zeolite.
15. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the aluminosilicate zeolite in the washcoat overlayer has a mean pore diameter of ≥10 nm and/or the washcoat overlayer has a mean interparticle pore diameter of ≥10 nm.
16. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein L 1 is <50% L.
17. The exhaust system according to claim 1 comprising an engine and nitrogenous reductant or nitrogenous reductant precursor electronic control unit(s) comprising a pre-programmed computer processor(s) for controlling delivery of ammonia nitrogenous reductant to the selective catalytic reduction substrate comprising a selective catalytic reduction catalyst at an ammonia-to-NO x ratio of 0.4 to 0.8.
18. The exhaust system according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidation catalyst substrate is a honeycomb flow-through substrate monolith.
19. The exhaust system according to claim 17 , wherein the ammonia-to-NOx ratio is 0.4 to 0.6.
20. The exhaust system according to claim 17 , wherein the ammonia-to-NOx ratio is 0.7 to 0.8.