Device and method for noninvasively and electrochemically sensing in vivo biochemicals
Example implementations include a method of manufacturing a biochemical sensor by forming a fluid conduit in a microfluidic layer, forming an electrode on an electrode layer, forming a biochemical sensor on the electrode layer, bonding the electrode layer to a first surface of the microfluidic layer, and bonding a barrier layer to a second surface of the microfluidic layer. Example implementations also include a method of electrically detecting a biochemical by contacting an electrode array to a biological surface, obtaining a biofluid at the electrode array from the biological surface, obtaining a response current associated with the biofluid at the electrode array, and generating a quantitative biochemical response based at least partially on the response current. Example implementations further include applying a current to the biological surface. Example implementations further include filtering electrical interference at the electrode array. Example implementations further include generating a quantitative biochemical response based on the response current.
1 . A method of electrically detecting a biochemical, the method comprising:
contacting an electrode array to a biological surface, wherein the electrode array comprises a plurality of electrodes respectively associated with a plurality of biochemical sensors;
obtaining a biofluid at the electrode array from the biological surface;
obtaining a response current associated with the biofluid at the electrode array, wherein obtaining the response current includes aggregating a plurality of response currents from the plurality of biochemical sensors into an aggregated response current; and
generating a quantitative biochemical response based at least partially on the aggregated response current.
2 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
applying a current to the biological surface in accordance with at least one parameter corresponding to an iontophoresis process.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the obtaining the biofluid further comprises obtaining the biofluid at a sensor chamber of a microfluidic layer adjacent to the electrode array.
4 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
filtering an interferent at a barrier layer disposed between the electrode array and the biological surface.
5 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
filtering electrical interference at the electrode array caused by motion of the biological surface at the electrode array.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the obtaining the response current further comprises separating response currents associated with the biofluid a sensor type of the plurality of biochemical sensors from response currents not associated with the sensor type of the plurality of biochemical sensors.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the biofluid comprises one or more of glucose, choline, and lactate.
8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein a magnitude of each of the plurality of the response currents corresponds to an amount of the glucose, the choline, or the lactate present in the biofluid, or a pH characteristic associated with the biofluid.