Partially saponified rice bran wax oxidates
The invention relates to partially saponified rice bran wax oxidates, to a process for the production of these products and to their use for agriculture or forestry purposes, as an additive in plastics processing, in care products, in printing inks and/or in paints.
1. A process for producing a partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), comprising the steps of:
i) providing a rice bran wax (R) containing less than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the rice bran wax (R), of polyesters formed from polyhydric alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms;
ii) providing a mixture (M) of chromium trioxide and sulfuric acid;
iii) performing the oxidation of the rice bran wax (R) by reacting the rice bran wax (R) with the mixture (M) while stirring at a temperature of 90 to 150° C., in order to obtain a reaction mixture containing rice bran wax oxidate (O);
iv) ending the reaction and leaving the reaction mixture obtained in step iii) to stand until an organic phase has separated from an aqueous phase;
v) separating off the organic phase;
vi) optionally removing residues containing chromium compounds from the organic phase in order to obtain the rice bran wax oxidate (O) in purified form;
vii) optionally repeating the sequence of steps ii) to vi) using the rice wax oxidate (O), optionally in purified form, rather than the rice bran wax (R); and
viii) saponifying the rice bran wax oxidate (O), optionally in purified form, by reacting it with a basic salt,
wherein no alcohol component is added to the reaction mixture in step iii) to step viii).
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidation in step iii) is performed over a period of 2 to 9 hours.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the sequence of steps ii) to vi) is repeated one to four times, and wherein the rice bran wax oxidate (O) obtained in step vii) or optionally viii), optionally in purified form, is added in place of the rice bran wax (R).
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein a weight ratio of the total amount of chromium trioxide used to rice bran wax (R) used is from 1:1 to 3:1.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the step of removing residues containing chromium compounds is conducted in step vi) and comprises washing the organic phase with an aqueous solution of oxalic acid and/or sulfuric acid.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the step of removing residues containing chromium compounds is conducted in step vi) and comprises washing the organic phase with water.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the step of removing residues containing chromium compounds is conducted in step vi) and comprises centrifuging the organic phase.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein chromium trioxide is present in the mixture (M) at a concentration of from 50 to 200 g/L.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the stirrer speed in step iii) is between 100 and 500 rpm.
10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the saponifying in step viii) is performed over a period of 0.5 to 10 h at a temperature of 90 to 150° C.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein no additional oxidation promoters are added to the reaction mixture in any of the steps.
12. A partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) comprising the following components:
a) 30% to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of genuine esters having 42 to 64 carbon atoms;
b) 0% to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms; and
c) 0% to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of polyesters formed from polyhydric alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 22 to 36 carbon atoms.
13. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) of claim 12 further comprising:
d) 5% to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, of which not more than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), is lignoceric acid;
e) 0% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic alcohols having 24 to 36 carbon atoms; and
f) 0% to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms; and
g) 0% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of natural constituents of rice bran wax other than a) to f).
14. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) of claim 12 comprising:
a) 40% to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of genuine esters having 42 to 64 carbon atoms;
b) 10% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms;
c) 0% to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of polyesters formed from polyhydric alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 22 to 36 carbon atoms;
d) 5% to 35% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, of which not more than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), is lignoceric acid;
e) 0% to 7% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic alcohols having 24 to 36 carbon atoms; and
f) 0% to 4% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms; and
g) 0% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of natural constituents of rice bran wax other than a) to f).
15. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) of claim 12 comprising:
a) 50% to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of genuine esters having 42 to 64 carbon atoms;
b) 10% to 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms;
c) 0% to 1% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of polyesters formed from polyhydric alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 22 to 36 carbon atoms;
d) 5% to 30% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 8 to 36 carbon atoms, of which not more than 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), is lignoceric acid;
e) 0% to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic alcohols having 24 to 36 carbon atoms; and
f) 0% to 3% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of free aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having 10 to 30 carbon atoms; and
g) 0% to 15% by weight, based on the total weight of the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V), of natural constituents of rice bran wax other than a) to f).
16. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) according to claim 12 , wherein the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate has a saponification number of no more than 79.
17. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) according to claim 12 , wherein the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate has a mass loss of less than 10%, upon heating to 300° C. at a rate of 5° C./min, as measured according to DIN 51006 (2005).
18. The partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) according to claim 12 , wherein the partly saponified rice bran wax oxidate (V) is prepared by a process comprising the steps of
i) providing a rice bran wax (R) containing less than 20% by weight, based on the total weight of the rice bran wax (R), of polyesters formed from polyhydric alcohols and aliphatic carboxylic acids having 8 to 20 carbon atoms;
ii) providing a mixture (M) of chromium trioxide and sulfuric acid;
iii) performing the oxidation of the rice bran wax (R) by reacting the rice bran wax (R) with the mixture (M) while stirring at a temperature of 90 to 150° C., in order to obtain a reaction mixture containing rice bran wax oxidate (O);
iv) ending the reaction and leaving the reaction mixture obtained in step iii) to stand until an organic phase has separated from an aqueous phase;
v) separating off the organic phase;
vi) optionally removing residues containing chromium compounds from the organic phase in order to obtain the rice bran wax oxidate (O) in purified form;
vii) optionally repeating the sequence of steps ii) to vi) using the rice wax oxidate (O), optionally in purified form, rather than the rice bran wax (R); and
viii) saponifying the rice bran wax oxidate (O), optionally in purified form, by reacting it with a basic salt,
wherein no alcohol component is added to the reaction mixture in step iii) to step viii).
19. A plastic composition, a care product, a printing ink, a paint, or an agricultural composition comprising the partially saponified rice bran wax oxidate of claim 12 .