Ceramic discs and rods, methods of manufacture thereof and articles comprising the same
Disclosed herein is a dual density disc comprising a dense outer tube comprising alumina having a purity of greater than 99%; and a porous core comprising alumina of a lower density than a density of the dense outer tube; wherein the porous core has an alumina purity of greater than 99%. Disclosed herein too is method comprising disposing in a dense outer tube a slurry comprising alumina powder and a pore former; heating the dense outer tube with the slurry disposed therein to a temperature of 300 to 600° C. to activate the pore former; creating a porous core in the dense outer tube; and sintering the dense outer tube with the porous core at a temperature of 800 to 2000° C. in one or more stages.
1. A dual density disc comprising:
a dense outer tube comprising alumina having a purity of greater than 96%; and
a porous core comprising alumina of a lower density than a density of the dense outer tube; wherein the porous core has an alumina purity of greater than 99%.
2. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein the porous core has a bulk density of 1.00 to 2.5 g/cc and the crush strength is greater than 2000 pounds per square inch when present within the dense outer tube.
3. The dual density disc of claim 1 , where the porous core contacts the dense outer tube at its inner surface and where the dense outer tube is in continuous contact with the porous core along an entire circumference of the porous core.
4. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein a flow rate of nitrogen at a gauge pressure of 30 pounds per square inch in the dual density disc varies from 5,000 to 30,000 standard cubic centimeters per minute.
5. The dual density disc of claim 1 , having radial hermiticity, which does not leak from the sides of the porous body and permits flow in only a longitudinal direction.
6. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein the dense outer tube has an outer diameter of 1 to 75 millimeters and an inner diameter of 0.8 to 70 millimeters.
7. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein the dense outer tube has an initial length of 1 to 120 millimeters.
8. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein the porous core is manufactured from alumina powder having an initial purity of greater than 99%.
9. The dual density disc of claim 1 , wherein the porous core is manufactured from alumina powder having an initial purity of greater than 99.3%.
10. A method comprising:
disposing in a dense outer tube a slurry comprising:
alumina powder and a pore former;
heating the dense outer tube with the slurry disposed therein to a temperature of 300 to 600° C. to activate the pore former;
creating a porous core in the dense outer tube; and
sintering the dense outer tube with the porous core at a temperature of 800 to 2000° C. in one or more steps.
11. The method of claim 10 , where the sintering operation is performed in air, nitrogen, natural gas, argon, hydrogen, or a combination thereof.
12. The method of claim 10 , where the pore former is an organic pore former.
13. The method of claim 10 , where the slurry further comprises a solvent.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein the sintering is preceded by a first sintering step where the temperature is 1200 to 1600° C.
15. The method of claim 10 , where the pore former is azobisisobutyronitrile.
16. The method of claim 10 , where the pore former is gas that is soluble in the alumina slurry.
17. The method of claim 10 , where the pore former is a liquid.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the pore former is an organic polymer.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the organic polymer is a polyacetal, a polyacrylic, a polycarbonate, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyalkyd, a polystyrene, a polyolefin, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyaramide, a polyamideimide, a polyarylate, a polyurethane, an epoxy, a phenolic, a polyarylsulfone, a polyethersulfone, a polyphenylene sulfide, a polyimide, a polyetherimide, a polytetrafluoroethylene, a polyetherketone, a polyether ether ketone, a polyether ketone, a polybenzoxazole, a polyoxadiazole, a polybenzothiazinophenothiazine, a polybenzothiazole, a polypyrazinoquinoxaline, a polypyromellitimide, a polyguinoxaline, a polybenzimidazole, a polyoxindole, a polyoxoisoindoline, a polydioxoisoindoline, a polytriazine, a polypyridazine, a polypiperazine, a polypyridine, a polypiperidine, a polytriazole, a polypyrazole, a polycarborane, a polyoxabicyclononane, a polydibenzofuran, a polyphthalide, a polyacetal, a polyanhydride, a polyvinyl ether, a polyvinyl thioether, a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyvinyl ketone, a polyvinyl halide, a polyvinyl nitrile, a polyvinyl ester, a polysulfonate, a polysulfide, a polythioester, a polysulfone, a polysulfonamide, a polyurea, a polyphosphazene, a polysilazane, a polyvinylidene fluoride, a polysiloxane, or a combination thereof.
20. A method comprising:
disposing into a dense outer tube an alumina powder; where the aluminum powder does not contain a pore former;
sintering the dense outer tube with the alumina powder disposed therein to a temperature of 800 to 2000° C.; and
creating a porous core in the dense outer tube; where the porous core has a purity of greater than 99%.
21. The method of claim 20 , further comprising heating the dense outer tube with the alumina powder disposed therein to a temperature of 1200 to 1600° C.
22. A dual density disc comprising:
a dense outer tube comprising a first ceramic having a purity of greater than 96%; and
a porous core comprising a second ceramic of a lower density than a density of the dense outer tube; wherein the porous core has a purity of greater than 99%.
23. The dual density disc of claim 22 , wherein the first ceramic is the same as the second ceramic.
24. The dual density disc of claim 22 , wherein the first ceramic is different from the second ceramic.