Compositions and methods for bioremediation of glyphosate containing substrates
Disclosed are novel bioremediation formulations and inocula for formulation of bioremediation formulations. The formulations of the present disclosure comprise viable microorganisms of the species Paenibacillus xylanexedens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus safensis, Streptomyces griseus, Micrococcus luteus , and Bacillus megaterium and can be used to degrade glyphosate residue associated with a substrate contaminated with glyphosate, and thereby remedially treat the substrate. Related methods are also disclosed.
1. A microbial inoculum comprising cultured viable microorganisms of the species Paenibacillus xylanexedens, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus safensis, Streptomyces griseus, Micrococcus luteus , and Bacillus megaterium.
2. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , wherein the microbial inoculum further comprises one or more cultured viable microorganisms selected from the species Rhanella aquatilis and Bacillus marisflavus.
3. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , wherein the microbial inoculum further comprises cultured viable microorganisms of at least one of the species Acetobacter spp., Bacillus cereus, Bacillus oceanisediminis, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacillus wiedmannii, Clostridium innoccuum, Kribella flavida, Lactobacillus plantarum, Obesumbacterium proteus , and Serratia liquefaciens.
4. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , wherein the microbial inoculum comprises from about 1×10{circumflex over ( )}2 CFU per ml or per gram to about 1×10{circumflex over ( )}8 CFU per ml or per gram of each of the microorganisms.
5. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , wherein the microbial inoculum further comprises a diluent, which is optionally a saline solution.
6. The microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , wherein the microbial inoculum further comprises a cryoprotectant, which is optionally glycerol in an amount of from about 10% (v/v) to about 35% (v/v).
7. The microbial inoculum according to claim 6 , wherein the microbial inoculum of cultured viable microorganisms is dehydrated.
8. A bioremediation formulation for application to a residual glyphosate containing substrate, the bioremediation formulation comprising a microbial inoculum according to claim 1 , together with a carrier, which is optionally a mineral earth; a polysaccharide; a plant seed, wood or nutshell meal; a grain flour; peat, a peat derived product; compost; diatomaceous earth; gypsum; vermiculite; attapulgite; cellulose; hydroxyethyl cellulose; carboxymethyl cellulose; alginate; or lignite powder.
9. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , wherein the microbial inoculum together with an optional diluent and the carrier constitutes at least about 95% (w/w) of the bioremediation formulation.
10. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , wherein the bioremediation formulation, following application to the glyphosate containing substrate, biodegrades glyphosate to generate one or more breakdown products selected from aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA), sarcosine, glyoxal, glycine, N-acetylglycine, formaldehyde, and phosphonoformaldehyde.
11. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , wherein the bioremediation formulation, following application to the glyphosate containing substrate, biodegrades glyphosate to generate one or more breakdown products selected from «-D-ribose-1-[N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] 5-triphosphate, α-D-ribose-1-[N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] 5-monophosphate, 5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1,2 cyclic phosphate, α-D-ribose 1,5 biphosphate, and 5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
12. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , wherein the microorganisms in the microbial inoculum include a microbial amino acid metabolism which is not inhibited by glyphosate.
13. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , wherein the substrate is a solid substrate, which is optionally soil, or a liquid substrate.
14. The bioremediation formulation according to claim 13 , wherein the liquid substrate is water, and the microbial inoculum further comprises cultured viable microorganisms of each of the species Rhanella aquatilis and Bacillus marisflavis.
15. A method for bioremediation of a residual glyphosate containing substrate, the method comprising:
(a) contacting a residual glyphosate containing substrate with a bioremedially effective amount of a bioremediation formulation according to claim 8 , the microorganisms remaining viable when the microbial inoculum is contacted with the glyphosate containing substrate; and
(b) maintaining contact between the residual glyphosate containing substrate and the bioremediation formulation for a sufficient period of time for the microorganisms to microbially biodegrade the residual glyphosate.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the bioremediation formulation following application to the glyphosate containing substrate, biodegrades glyphosate to generate one or more breakdown products selected from aminomethyl phosphonic acid (AMPA), sarcosine, glyoxal, glycine, N-acetylglycine, formaldehyde and phosphonoformaldehyde.
17. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the bioremediation formulation, following application to the glyphosate containing substrate, biodegrades glyphosate to generate one or more breakdown products selected from «-D-ribose-1-[N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] 5-triphosphate, α-D-ribose-1-[N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] 5-monophosphate, 5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1,2 cyclic phosphate, α-D-ribose 1,5 biphosphate, and 5-phospho-α-D-ribose 1-diphosphate.
18. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the microorganisms in the microbial inoculum include a microbial amino acid metabolism which is not inhibited by glyphosate.
19. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the substrate is a solid substrate, which is optionally soil, or a liquid substrate which is optionally surface water or ground water.
20. A kit comprising a microbial inoculum according to claim 1 together with instructions for use of the kit for application to a residual glyphosate containing substrate.