Energy conversion device

1. An energy conversion device able to produce electricity from a mechanical energy and/or vice versa, the energy conversion device comprising:

a casing,

a shaft comprising a body defining an internal volume, the shaft being intended to rotate in a predetermined direction about a longitudinal axis with respect to the casing in a predetermined range of rotational speeds,

a rotor module secured to the shaft,

a stator module secured to the casing, the rotor module and the stator module comprising a field winding and an armature winding that are magnetically coupled to one another, the casing delimiting an internal volume housing the rotor module and the stator module and comprising a cavity surrounding the rotor module and the stator module,

a set of at least one nozzle passing through the body and providing fluidic communication between the internal volume and the cavity, the set of at least one nozzle being configured to form an oil mist in the cavity under the effect of the rotation of the shaft in the range of rotational speeds, from some of the oil injected into the internal volume of the hollow shaft, the oil mist being intended to come into direct physical contact with the rotor module and the stator module,

a set of at least one regulating circuit configured to limit an increase in the flow rate of oil passing from the internal volume to the cavity through the set of at least one nozzle, said increase being due to an increase in the flow rate of oil injected into the internal volume, the regulating circuit comprising:

a duct secured to the shaft and comprising an inlet communicating with the internal volume so as to receive, under the effect of the rotation of the shaft, another portion of the oil injected into the internal volume, the duct conveying the other portion of the oil to an outlet of the duct,

a removal device configured to remove at least a portion of the oil leaving the duct into an oil reservoir without contributing to the oil mist.

2. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 1 , comprising an oil circulation pump configured to take oil from the oil reservoir and inject it into the internal volume of the shaft, the pump being mechanically coupled to the shaft so as to be rotationally driven by the shaft so that a flow rate of oil injected by the pump into the internal volume increases when there is an increase in the rotational speed of the shaft in the direction of rotation.

3. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the duct comprises a main duct radially surrounded by the stator module and configured to convey the oil that it receives, when the shaft rotates, translationally with respect to the shaft along the longitudinal axis and/or rotationally with respect to the body of the shaft about the longitudinal axis, around the internal volume.

4. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the main duct of the duct of a regulating circuit is formed in the body of the shaft and is closed by the rotor module.

5. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 3 , wherein the main duct of the duct of a regulating circuit is spiral wound around the longitudinal axis (x) and configured to draw oil into the inlet of the main duct as the shaft rotates.

6. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 5 , comprising an oil circulation pump configured to take oil from the oil reservoir and inject it into the internal volume of the shaft, the pump being mechanically coupled to the shaft so as to be rotationally driven by the shaft so that a flow rate of oil injected by the pump into the internal volume increases when there is an increase in the rotational speed of the shaft in the direction of rotation, wherein the geometric characteristics of the duct are defined so that the duct transports all or some of a surplus of the flow rate of oil injected by the pump into the internal volume, above and beyond a minimum flow rate, over the entire range of rotational speeds.

7. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the removal device comprises a collecting cap placed in the cavity and fixed relative to the casing, the collecting cap radially surrounding an outlet of the duct so as to collect at least some of the oil leaving the duct under the effect of the centrifugal force as the shaft rotates in the direction of rotation.

8. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the removal device comprises a removal opening situated facing the oil reservoir and allowing oil collected by the cap under gravity to be removed to the oil reservoir.

9. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 7 , wherein the collecting cap comprises a ring completely radially surrounding the outlet and configured so as to allow oil leaving the duct, to be held back radially, and axially in both directions, an opening being formed in the ring facing the oil reservoir.

10. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 9 , wherein the collecting ring is equipped with a removal tube having an inlet surrounding the opening and extending as far as the removal opening.

11. The energy conversion device as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the duct is configured to limit an increase in the flow rate of oil passing from the internal volume to the cavity via the set of at least one nozzle, said increase being due to an increase in the flow rate of oil injected into the internal volume.