Methods and systems to dye textile materials with dye blend compositions having differential dye exhaust rates
Processes and apparatus for dyeing a textile product are provided whereby an undyed textile product is introduced into a substantially anaerobic dyeing chamber having an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm oxygen therein, and at least two dye mixtures having a differential dye exhaustion rate of at least 10% are applied onto the textile product within the substantially anaerobic dying chamber. Thereafter the dyed textile product may be exposed to an oxygen-containing atmosphere so as to oxidize the applied dyes. At least one of the dyes may have a dye exhaustion rate of at least about 25%, or even at least about 50%. The embodiments herein are especially adapted to dyeing of textile products whereby one dye in the at least two dye mixtures is a sulfur dye and another dye in the at least two dye mixtures is a leuco indigo dye.
1. A process for dyeing a textile product comprising the steps of:
(a) introducing an undyed textile product into at least one substantially anaerobic dyeing chamber having an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm oxygen therein;
(b) applying onto the textile product within the at least one substantially anaerobic dying chamber at least two dye mixtures having a differential dye exhaustion rate of at least 10%; and thereafter
(c) discharging the textile product dyed according to step (b) so as to expose the textile product to an oxygen-containing atmosphere.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein at least one of the dyes in the dye mixture has a dye exhaustion rate of at least about 25%.
3. The process according to claim 2 , wherein at least one of the dyes in the dye mixture has a dye exhaustion rate of at least about 50%.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein one of the dyes in the at least two dye mixtures is a sulfur dye.
5. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the sulfur dye is present in an amount between about 0.1 to 99 wt. %, based on total weight of the dyes in the at least two dye mixtures.
6. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the sulfur dye is present in an amount between 1.0 to 75 wt. %, based on the total weight of the dyes in the at least two dye mixtures.
7. The process according to claim 5 , wherein the sulfur dye is present in an amount between 10 to 60 wt. %, based on the total weight of the dyes in the at least two dye mixtures.
8. The process according to claim 4 , wherein another dye in the at least two dye mixtures is a leuco indigo dye.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least two dye mixtures respectively comprise a sulfur dye and a leuco indigo dye.
10. The process according to claim 9 , wherein step (b) comprises forming a blend of the at least two dye mixtures and then applying the blend of the at least two dye mixtures onto the textile product.
11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein first and second ones of the at least two dye mixtures are applied successively onto the textile product in respective substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers each having an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm oxygen therein.
12. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the process comprises exposing the textile product to an oxygen environment intermediate of the respective substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers.
13. The process according to claim 11 , wherein the process comprises at least partially drying the textile product intermediate of the respective substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers.
14. An apparatus for dyeing a textile product comprising:
at least one substantially anaerobic dyeing chamber having an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm therein for dyeing a textile product; and
a dye application system to apply onto the textile product within the substantially anaerobic dying chamber at least two dye mixtures having a differential dye exhaustion rate of at least 10%.
15. The apparatus according to claim 14 , which further comprises a mixer for blending the at least two dye mixtures with one another.
16. The apparatus according to claim 14 , which further comprises first and second substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers each having an oxygen content of less than 1000 ppm for successively dyeing the textile product with first and second ones of the at least two dye mixtures, respectively.
17. The apparatus according to claim 16 , which further comprises an oxygen environment intermediate the first and second substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers.
18. The apparatus according to claim 16 which further comprises a drier intermediate the first and second substantially anaerobic dyeing chambers.
19. The apparatus according to claim 14 , further comprising a drier downstream of the at least one dyeing chamber.
20. The apparatus according to claim 14 , which further comprises an inert gas system for supplying an inert gas to the at least one dyeing chamber.
21. A dyed textile product which is produced by the process according to claim 1 .