Plasmid For Bacillus Expressing Fluorescent Reporter Genes
The present invention relates to fluorescence reporter plasmid systems for enabling a Bacillus strain to fluoresce, and to methods for visualizing the state of Bacillus strains.
1 . A fluorescence reporter plasmid system for enabling a Bacillus strain to fluoresce, wherein the Bacillus strain fluoresces in its dormant endospore state and/or in its metabolically active vegetative state, and wherein the plasmid system is designed to function extra-chromosomally.
2 . The plasmid system according to claim 1 , which enables a Bacillus strain to fluoresce after the plasmid has been transformed into the Bacillus cell, wherein the Bacillus strain fluoresces in its dormant endospore state and/or in its metabolically active vegetative state.
3 . The plasmid system according to claim 2 , wherein the Bacillus strain fluoresces a first fluorescent colour when in its dormant endospore state and a second fluorescent colour when in its metabolically active vegetative state, and wherein the first fluorescent colour differs from the second fluorescent colour.
4 . The plasmid system according to claim 1 , which comprises one or more reporter genes which encode a fluorescent protein.
5 . The plasmid system according to claim 4 , wherein the fluorescent protein encoded by the reporter gene is selected from the group consisting of: green fluorescent protein (GFP), yellow fluorescent protein (YFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP), DsRedexpress2, mCherry, mOrange, mPlum yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP), cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP), and Sapphire.
6 . The plasmid system according to claim 4 , wherein the one or more reporter genes is expressed in the dormant endospore.
7 . The plasmid system according to claim 4 , wherein the reporter gene is translationally fused to a gene encoding a small acid-soluble protein (SASP).
8 . The plasmid system according to claim 4 , wherein a linker encoding between 1 to 24 amino acids is placed between the reporter gene and the gene encoding a SASP.
9 . The plasmid system according to claim 8 , which is translated into a SASP protein and a fluorescence protein fusion.
10 . The plasmid system according to claim 4 , wherein the reporter gene is a first reporter gene and the plasmid system further comprises a second reporter gene, wherein the second reporter gene encodes a fluorescent protein which is different from the fluorescent protein encoded by the first reporter gene.
11 . The plasmid system according to claim 10 , wherein the first reporter gene encodes a fluorescent protein which is designed to fluoresce in its dormant endospore state and the second reporter gene encodes a fluorescent protein which is designed to fluoresce in its metabolically active vegetative state.
12 . The plasmid system according to claim 1 , the system comprising a promoter region wherein the promoter region comprises one or more promoters that are expressed during vegetative growth.
13 . The plasmid system according to claim 1 , wherein the Bacillus strain is selected from the group consisting of: Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus simplex, Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus and Bacillus thuringiensis.
14 . A method of visualizing the state of a Bacillus strain in an animal, a plant or a plant seed comprising:
a) combining a Bacillus strain and a cell comprising a single or dual reporter plasmid system for enabling the Bacillus strain to fluoresce one fluorescent colour when in dormant endospore state and/or another fluorescent colour when in metabolically active vegetative state,
b) treating an animal or a plant seed with the Bacillus strain of step (a),
c) collecting samples from the treated animal or plant seed of step (b),
d) optionally staining the samples of step (c) with DNA dyes, and
e) imaging the samples of step (c) or (d) to visualize the the state of the Bacillus strain.
15 . A method of visualizing the state of a Bacillus strain in vitro or in vivo, wherein a plasmid system according to claim 1 is used for enabling the Bacillus strain to fluoresce in the dormant endospore state and/or the metabolically active vegetative state, wherein the fluorescence of the Bacillus strain indicates the state of the strain.
16 . The plasmid system according to claim 8 wherein the linker encodes between 6 to 20 amino acids.
17 . The plasmid system according to claim 8 wherein the linker encodes between 11 to 13 amino acids.
18 . The plasmid system according to claim 8 wherein the linker encodes about 12 amino acids.