Wide voltage range level shifter circuit
A level shifter circuit shifts a digital signal between first and second voltage levels. For a LOW to HIGH transition, an output PMOS transistor is switched on using a first NMOS transistor activated by the digital signal at the first voltage level while a second NMOS transistor is switched off to uncouple the output PMOS transistor from ground, and a third NMOS transistor is switched off to uncouple a current mirror circuit from ground. For a HIGH to LOW transition, the output PMOS transistor is switched off and a fourth NMOS transistor is switched on using an output of the current mirror circuit. The second NMOS transistor is switched on using an inverted version of the digital signal, and the current in the current mirror circuit is turned off with a fifth NMOS transistor when the drain of the output PMOS transistor approaches the voltage level of ground.
1. A level shifter circuit comprising:
a first input receiving a digital signal to be level shifted, and a second input receiving an inverted version of the digital signal to be level-shifted;
a current mirror circuit including a first p-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor (M 5 ) with a source connected to an output voltage supply, a drain, and a gate connected to the drain, and a second PMOS transistor (M 6 ) with a source connected to the output voltage supply, a drain, and a gate;
first and second n-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistors (M 3 , M 0 ) connected in series between the drain of the first PMOS transistor and ground, the first NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the second input, the second NMOS transistor having a gate connected to a level shifter output terminal (Y);
a third PMOS transistor (M 7 ) having a source connected to the output voltage supply, a drain connected to the level shifter output terminal, and a gate connected to the drain of the second PMOS transistor (M 6 );
a third NMOS transistor (M 1 ) having a source connected to ground, a gate connected to the first input, and a drain; and
fourth and fifth NMOS transistors (M 4 , M 2 ) connected in series between the drain of the third PMOS transistor (M 7 ) and ground, the fourth NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the second input, the fifth NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the drain of the third NMOS transistor.
2. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
an inverter having an inverted input receiving the digital signal and an inverter output connected to the second input, the inverter input connected to the first input.
3. The level shifter of claim 1 , further comprising:
a first NOR gate with a first input receiving the digital signal to be shifted, a second input receiving a retain signal, and an output connected to the second input of the level shifter; and
a second NOR gate with a first input connected to the output of the first NOR gate, a second input receiving the retain signal, and an output connected to the first input of the level shifter.
4. The level shifter of claim 3 , further comprising:
a set-reset latch with an input coupled to the output of the level shifter.
5. The level shifter of claim 4 , wherein the set-reset latch further comprises:
a sixth NMOS transistor (M 8 ) with a drain connected to the level shifter output, a source, and a gate;
a seventh NMOS transistor (M 9 ) with a drain coupled to the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor, a source, and a gate connected to the level shifter output; and
an eighth NMOS transistor (M 12 ) with a drain connected to the sources of the sixth and seventh NMOS transistors, a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving the retain signal.
6. The level shifter of claim 5 , wherein the set-reset latch further comprises:
a ninth NMOS transistor (M 10 ) with a drain connected to the level shifter output, a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving a reset signal; and
a tenth NMOS transistor (M 11 ) with a drain connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS transistor (M 9 ), a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving a set signal.
7. The level shifter of claim 1 , wherein:
The first PMOS transistor (M 5 ) has a gate length longer than that of the second PMOS transistor (M 6 ).
8. A method of voltage shifting a digital signal from a first voltage level to a second voltage level, comprising:
supplying the second voltage level to an output PMOS transistor (M 7 );
for a LOW to HIGH transition of the digital signal, switching on the output PMOS transistor using a first NMOS transistor (M 1 ) activated by the digital signal at the first voltage level while switching off a second NMOS transistor (M 4 ) to uncouple a drain of the output PMOS transistor (M 7 ) from ground and switching off a third NMOS transistor (M 3 ) to uncouple a current mirror circuit (M 5 , M 6 ) from ground; and
for a HIGH to LOW transition of the digital signal, switching off the output PMOS transistor (M 7 ) and switching on a fourth NMOS transistor (M 2 ) both using an output of the current mirror circuit, switching on the second NMOS transistor (M 4 ) using an inverted version of the digital signal, and turning off the current in the current mirror circuit with a fifth NMOS transistor (M 0 ) when the drain of the output PMOS transistor approaches the voltage level of ground.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
providing the inverted version of the digital signal with an inverter supplied at the first voltage level.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
providing the inverted version of the digital signal with a first NOR gate supplied at the first voltage level, the NOR gate including two inputs receiving the digital signal and a retain signal, respectively; and
providing the digital signal with second NOR gate supplied at the first voltage level, the NOR gate including two inputs receiving the output of the first NOR gate and and the retain signal, respectively.
11. The method of claim 10 , further comprising:
feeding set and reset signals to respective inputs of a set-reset latch coupled to a drain of the output PMOS transistor (M 7 ).
12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
feeding retrain signal to the gate of an NMOS transistor coupling the set-reset latch to ground.
13. An integrated circuit comprising:
a first group of digital circuits supplied by a first voltage supply at a first voltage level;
a second group of digital circuit supplied by a second voltage supply at a second voltage level different from the first voltage level;
level shifter circuit for shifting a digital signal from the first voltage level to the second voltage level, comprising:
a first input receiving the digital signal and a second input receiving an inverted version of the digital signal;
a current mirror circuit including a first p-type metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) transistor (M 5 ) with a source connected to an output voltage supply, a drain, and a gate connected to the drain, and a second PMOS transistor (M 6 ) with a source connected to the output voltage supply, a drain, and a gate;
first and second n-type metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistors (M 3 , M 0 ) connected in series between the drain of the first PMOS transistor and ground, the first NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the second input, the second NMOS transistor having a gate connected to a level shifter output terminal (Y);
a third PMOS transistor (M 7 ) having a source connected to the output voltage supply, a drain connected to the level shifter output terminal, and a gate connected to the drain of the second PMOS transistor (M 6 );
a third NMOS transistor (M 1 ) having a source connected to ground, a gate connected to the first input, and a drain; and
fourth and fifth NMOS transistors (M 4 , M 2 ) connected in series between the drain of the third PMOS transistor (M 7 ) and ground, the fourth NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the second input, the fifth NMOS transistor having a gate connected to the drain of the third NMOS transistor.
14. The integrated circuit of claim 13 , further comprising:
an inverter having an inverted input receiving the digital signal and an inverter output connected to the second input, the inverter input connected to the first input.
15. The integrated circuit of claim 13 , further comprising:
a first NOR gate with a first input receiving the digital signal to be shifted, a second input receiving a retain signal, and an output connected to the second input of the level shifter; and
a second NOR gate with a first input connected to the output of the first NOR gate, a second input receiving the retain signal, and an output connected to the first input of the level shifter.
16. The integrated circuit of claim 15 , further comprising:
a set-reset latch with an input coupled to the output of the level shifter.
17. The integrated circuit of claim 16 , wherein the set-reset latch further comprises:
a sixth NMOS transistor (M 8 ) with a drain connected to the level shifter output, a source, and a gate;
a seventh NMOS transistor (M 9 ) with a drain coupled to the gate of the sixth NMOS transistor, a source, and a gate connected to the level shifter output; and
an eight NMOS transistor (M 12 ) with a drain connected to the sources of the sixth and seventh NMOS transistors, a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving the retain signal.
18. The integrated circuit of claim 17 , wherein the set-reset latch further comprises:
a ninth NMOS transistor (M 10 ) with a drain connected to the level shifter output, a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving a reset signal; and
a tenth NMOS transistor (M 11 ) with a drain connected to the drain of the seventh NMOS transistor (M 9 ), a source connected to ground, and a gate receiving a set signal.
19. The integrated circuit of claim 13 , wherein:
the first PMOS transistor (M 5 ) has a gate length longer than that of the second PMOS transistor (M 6 ).
20. The integrated circuit of claim 13 , wherein:
the level shifter is able to operate when the digital signal is at a sub-threshold level with respect to a threshold voltage (Vth) of the NMOS transistors.