Granted Patent B2

US 12,609,726 · App. 17/812,331 · Granted Apr 21, 2026

Inventors: Vasanthan Raghavan (West Windsor Township, NJ); Mohammad Ali Tassoudji (San Diego, CA); Raghu Narayan Challa (San Diego, CA); Tao Luo (San Diego, CA); Junyi Li (Fairless Hills, PA)

Assignee: QUALCOMM Incorporated

H04B1/401H04B7/0686H04B7/0842

Abstract

Claims (118)

1 . A method of wireless communication performed by a user equipment (UE), comprising:

selecting, based at least in part on a performance requirement, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint, a target mode from a plurality of modes in which to operate an L-shaped antenna module that includes a first antenna subarray on a first side of the L-shaped antenna module and a second antenna subarray on a second side of the L-shaped antenna module, wherein:

an angle of separation between the first side and the second side exceeds an angle threshold,

the plurality of modes include a side selection mode and a side combining mode,

the side combining mode is a mode in which active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray, and

the side selection mode is a mode in which antenna elements in the first antenna subarray are active and antenna elements in the second antenna subarray are inactive; and

configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, wherein configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode includes:

connecting, to a first layer, a first set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a first polarization; and

connecting, to a second layer, a second set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a second polarization.

2 . The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the first antenna subarray includes a first set of dual-polarized antenna elements and the second antenna subarray includes a second set of dual-polarized antenna elements.

3 . The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the target mode is the side combining mode.

4 . The method of claim 3 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization,

the second polarization is a vertical polarization, and

configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the side combining mode includes:

connecting, to the first layer, a third set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the horizontal polarization; and

connecting, to the second layer, a fourth set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the vertical polarization.

5 . The method of claim 3 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization,

the second polarization is a vertical polarization, and

configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the side combining mode includes:

connecting, to the first layer, a third set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the vertical polarization; and

connecting, to the second layer, a fourth set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the horizontal polarization.

6 . The method of claim 3 , further comprising:

transmitting, to a network node, information that indicates one or more of a power differential or a reference signal received power (RSRP) differential across the first layer and the second layer in the side combining mode.

7 . The method of claim 3 ,

wherein the active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with the active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray at a radio frequency (RF), an intermediate frequency (IF), or a baseband.

8 . The method of claim 1 ,

wherein the target mode is the side selection mode.

9 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

transmitting, to a network node, one or more parameters associated with the side combining mode and one or more parameters associated with the side selection mode; and

receiving, from the network node, information that indicates whether to use the side combining mode or the side selection mode as the target mode based at least in part on the one or more parameters associated with the side combining mode and the one or more parameters associated with the side selection mode.

10 . The method of claim 1 , further comprising:

transmitting, to a network node, a request to communicate using a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state associated with the target mode; and

receiving, from the network node, information that activates the TCI state associated with the target mode.

11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization, and

the second polarization is a vertical polarization.

12 . A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising:

one or more memories; and

one or more processors, coupled to the one or more memories, configured to:

select, based at least in part on a performance requirement, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint, a target mode from a plurality of modes in which to operate an L-shaped antenna module that includes a first antenna subarray on a first side of the L-shaped antenna module and a second antenna subarray on a second side of the L-shaped antenna module, wherein:

an angle of separation between the first side and the second side exceeds an angle threshold,

the plurality of modes include a side selection mode and a side combining mode,

the side combining mode is a mode in which active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray, and

the side selection mode is a mode in which antenna elements in the first antenna subarray are active and antenna elements in the second antenna subarray are inactive; and

configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, wherein, to configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, the one or more processors are configured to:

connect, to a first layer, a first set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a first polarization; and

connect, to a second layer, a second set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a second polarization.

13 . The UE of claim 12 ,

wherein the first antenna subarray includes a first set of dual-polarized antenna elements and the second antenna subarray includes a second set of dual-polarized antenna elements.

14 . The UE of claim 12 ,

wherein the target mode is the side combining mode.

15 . The UE of claim 14 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization,

the second polarization is a vertical polarization, and

the one or more processors, to configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the side combining mode, are configured to:

connect, to the first layer, a third set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the horizontal polarization; and

connect, to the second layer, a fourth set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the vertical polarization.

16 . The UE of claim 14 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization,

the second polarization is a vertical polarization, and

the one or more processors, to configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the side combining mode, are configured to:

connect, to the first layer, a third set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the vertical polarization; and

connect, to the second layer, a fourth set of active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray that have the horizontal polarization.

17 . The UE of claim 14 ,

wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

transmit, to a network node, information that indicates one or more of a power differential or a reference signal received power (RSRP) differential across the first layer and the second layer in the side combining mode.

18 . The UE of claim 14 ,

wherein the active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with the active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray at a radio frequency (RF), an intermediate frequency (IF), or a baseband.

19 . The UE of claim 12 ,

wherein the target mode is the side selection mode.

20 . The UE of claim 12 ,

wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

transmit, to a network node, one or more parameters associated with the side combining mode and one or more parameters associated with the side selection mode; and

receive, from the network node, information that indicates whether to use the side combining mode or the side selection mode as the target mode based at least in part on the one or more parameters associated with the side combining mode and the one or more parameters associated with the side selection mode.

21 . The UE of claim 12 ,

wherein the one or more processors are further configured to:

transmit, to a network node, a request to communicate using a transmission configuration indicator (TCI) state associated with the target mode; and

receive, from the network node, information that activates the TCI state associated with the target mode.

22 . The UE of claim 12 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization, and

the second polarization is a vertical polarization.

23 . A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing a set of instructions for wireless communication, the set of instructions comprising:

one or more instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a user equipment (UE), cause the UE to:

select, based at least in part on a performance requirement, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint, a target mode from a plurality of modes in which to operate an L-shaped antenna module that includes a first antenna subarray on a first side of the L-shaped antenna module and a second antenna subarray on a second side of the L-shaped antenna module, wherein;

an angle of separation between the first side and the second side exceeds an angle threshold,

the plurality of modes include a side selection mode and a side combining mode,

the side combining mode is a mode in which active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray, and

the side selection mode is a mode in which antenna elements in the first antenna subarray are active and antenna elements in the second antenna subarray are inactive; and

configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, wherein, to configure the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, the one or more instructions cause the UE to:

connect, to a first layer, a first set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a first polarization; and

connect, to a second layer, a second set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a second polarization.

24 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23 ,

wherein the target mode is the side combining mode.

25 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23 ,

wherein the target mode is the side selection mode.

26 . The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 23 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization, and

the second polarization is a vertical polarization.

27 . An apparatus for wireless communication, comprising:

means for selecting, based at least in part on a performance requirement, a power constraint, or a thermal constraint, a target mode from a plurality of modes in which to operate an L-shaped antenna module that includes a first antenna subarray on a first side of the L-shaped antenna module and a second antenna subarray on a second side of the L-shaped antenna module, wherein:

an angle of separation between the first side and the second side exceeds an angle threshold,

the plurality of modes include a side selection mode and a side combining mode,

the side combining mode is a mode in which active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray are combined with active antenna elements included in the second antenna subarray, and

the side selection mode is a mode in which antenna elements in the first antenna subarray are active and antenna elements in the second antenna subarray are inactive; and

means for configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode, wherein the means for configuring the L-shaped antenna module to operate in the target mode include:

means for connecting, to a first layer, a first set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a first polarization; and

means for connecting, to a second layer, a second set of active antenna elements included in the first antenna subarray that have a second polarization.

28 . The apparatus of claim 27 ,

wherein the target mode is the side combining mode.

29 . The apparatus of claim 27 ,

wherein the target mode is the side selection mode.

30 . The apparatus of claim 27 , wherein:

the first polarization is a horizontal polarization, and

the second polarization is a vertical polarization.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (1)

References Cited (28)