METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAPPING TOOTH SURFACES
Provided herein are platforms and methods for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject.
1 . A platform for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the platform comprising:
(a) a non-contact mapping system comprising:
(i) a non-contact sensor capturing a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject; and
(ii) a sensor transmission module transmitting the first morphology data;
(b) a contact mapping system comprising:
(i) a probe comprising:
a probe orientation sensor measuring an orientation of the probe;
a probe contact surface; and
a probe transmission module transmitting the orientation of the probe; and
(ii) a datum comprising:
a datum fastener for mounting to the subject;
a datum orientation sensor measuring an orientation of the datum; and
a probe transmission module transmitting the orientation of the datum; and
(c) a modeling system receiving:
(i) the first morphology data;
(ii) the orientation of the probe; and
(iii) the orientation of the datum;
wherein the modeling system determines a second morphology data based on the orientation of the probe and the orientation of the datum; and
wherein the modeling system determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
2 . A platform for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the platform comprising:
(a) a non-contact mapping system comprising:
(i) a non-contact sensor capturing a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject; and
(ii) a sensor transmission module transmitting the first morphology data;
(b) a contact mapping system comprising:
(i) a probe comprising:
a probe orientation sensor measuring an orientation of the probe;
a probe contact surface; and
a probe transmission module transmitting the orientation of the probe; and
(c) a modeling system receiving:
(i) the first morphology data; and
(ii) the orientation of the probe;
wherein the modeling system determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data and the orientation of the probe.
3 . A platform for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the platform comprising:
(a) a non-contact mapping system comprising:
(i) a first non-contact sensor capturing a first portion of a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject;
(ii) a second non-contact sensor capturing a second portion of the first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject; and
(iii) a sensor transmission module transmitting the primary first morphology data;
(b) a modeling system receiving:
(i) the first morphology data; and
wherein the modeling system determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the primary first morphology data.
4 . The platform of claim 2 or 3 , wherein the contact mapping system further comprises a datum comprising a datum fastener for mounting to the subject;
5 . The platform of claim 4 , wherein the datum further comprises:
(a) a datum orientation sensor measuring an orientation of the datum; and
(b) a probe transmission module transmitting the orientation of the datum.
6 . The platform of claim 5 , wherein the modeling system further receives the orientation of the datum.
7 . The platform of claim 6 , wherein the modeling system determines a second morphology data based on the orientation of the probe and the orientation of the datum.
8 . The platform of claim 7 , wherein the modeling system determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
9 . The platform of claim 1 or 4 , wherein the datum orientation sensor comprises an accelerometer, a tilt sensor, a gyroscope, a GPS sensor, a distance sensor, a RADAR, a magnet, a radio frequency generator, a radio frequency receiver, or any combination thereof.
10 . The platform of claim 1 or 4 , wherein the datum orientation sensor is located within at most about 2 inches from the center of mass of the datum.
11 . The platform of claim 1 or 4 , wherein the orientation of the datum comprises a rotation of the datum about one or more axes, a translation of the datum in one or more directions, a rotational velocity of the datum about one or more axes, a translational velocity of the datum in one or more directions, an angular acceleration of the datum about one or more axes, a translational acceleration of the datum in one or more directions, or any combination thereof.
12 . The platform of claim 1 or 4 , wherein the datum fastener comprises a clip, an adhesive, a clamp, a band, a tie, or any combination thereof
13 . The platform of any one of claim 1 , 4 , or 12 , wherein the datum fastener rigidly and removably mounts to the subject.
14 . The platform of any one of claim 1 , 4 , or 10 - 13 , wherein the datum fastener mounts to a tooth of the subject, the jaw of the subject, or both.
15 . The platform of any one of claim 1 , 4 , or 10 - 13 , wherein the datum fastener mounts outside the subject's mouth.
16 . The platform of any one of claim 1 , 4 , or 10 - 15 , wherein the datum further comprises a datum fiducial visible to the non-contact sensor.
17 . The platform of claim 16 , wherein first morphology data comprises the datum fiducial.
18 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact mapping system comprises two or more non-contact sensors.
19 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the first morphology comprises a visible surface morphology, a subsurface occluded morphology, or both.
20 . The platform of claim 19 , wherein the subsurface occluded morphology comprises a tooth pulp, a muscle, a nerve, a blood vessel, or any combination thereof.
21 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact sensor comprises a 3D scanner, a LIDAR, a RADAR, a laser, a camera, a microscope, an optical coherence tomogram (OCT), a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), or any combination thereof.
22 . The platform of claim 21 , wherein the OCT comprises a time-domain OCT, a Fourier-domain OCT, a swept-source OCT, or any combination thereof.
23 . The platform of claim 21 , wherein the camera comprises an endoscopic camera.
24 . The platform of claim 23 , wherein the endoscopic camera comprises an illumination source.
25 . The platform of claim 21 , wherein the microscope comprises a confocal laser scanning microscope, a multi-photon microscope, or both.
26 . The platform of claim 25 , wherein the confocal laser scanning microscope, the multi-photon microscope, or both captures an image of the oral cavity of the subject and a fluorescence within the oral cavity of the subject.
27 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact sensor captures the first morphology by point-by-point scanning, line scanning, raster scanning, full-field scanning, or any combination thereof.
28 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact mapping system further comprises a switch to initiate the capture of the first morphological data, terminate the capture of the first morphological data, or both.
29 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact mapping system further comprises a reference fiducial rigidly and removably mountable to the subject.
30 . The platform of claim 29 , wherein the non-contact sensor further captures the reference fiducial, and wherein the first morphology data further comprises a location of the reference fiducial, orientation of the reference fiducial, or both.
31 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the contact mapping system comprises two or more contact sensors.
32 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the probe orientation sensor comprises an accelerometer, a tilt sensor, a gyroscope, a GPS sensor, a distance sensor, a RADAR, a magnet, a radio frequency generator, a radio frequency receiver, or any combination thereof.
33 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the probe orientation sensor is located within at most about 2 inches from the center of mass of the probe.
34 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the orientation of the probe comprises a rotation of the probe about one or more axes, a translation of the probe in one or more directions, a rotational velocity of the probe about one or more axes, a translational velocity of the probe in one or more directions, an angular acceleration of the probe about one or more axes, a translational acceleration of the probe in one or more directions, or any combination thereof.
35 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 34 , wherein the probe comprises a periodontal endoscope.
36 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 35 , wherein the probe contact surface comprises a sub-gingival probe contact surface.
37 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 36 , wherein the probe contact surface is generally acute.
38 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 37 , wherein the probe contact surface is rounded.
39 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 38 , wherein at least a portion of the probe contact surface is rigid.
40 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 39 , wherein at least a portion of the probe contact surface is flexible.
41 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 40 , wherein at least a portion of the probe contact surface is removable from the probe.
42 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 41 , wherein the probe further comprises one or more of:
(a) a force sensor measuring a probe force between the probe contact surface and a dental surface of the subject; and
(b) a touch sensor determining if the distal probe contacts the dental surface of the subject.
43 . The platform of claim 42 , wherein the probe transmission module further transmits the probe force, the contact determination, or both.
44 . The platform of claim 42 , wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the probe force, the contact determination, or both.
45 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 44 , wherein a center axis of at least a portion of the probe contact surface is parallel to a center axis of at least a portion of the handle.
46 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 45 , wherein a center axis of at least a portion of the probe contact surface is askew from a center axis of at least a portion of the handle.
47 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 46 , wherein the probe further comprises a probe fiducial visible to the non-contact sensor.
48 . The platform of claim 47 , wherein first morphology data comprises the probe fiducial.
49 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 48 , wherein the probe further comprises a probe light sensor, and wherein the platform further comprises a pulsed light emitter.
50 . The platform of claim 49 , wherein a beam of light emitted by the pulsed light emitter translates, rotates, or both, with respect to the probe light sensor.
51 . The platform of claim 49 or 50 , wherein the probe transmission module further transmits the sensed probe light.
52 . The platform of claim 51 , wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the sensed probe light.
53 . The platform of claim 1 or 4 , wherein the datum further comprises a datum light sensor, and wherein the platform further comprises a pulsed light emitter.
54 . The platform of claim 53 , wherein a beam of light emitted by the pulsed light emitter translates, rotates, or both, with respect to the datum light sensor.
55 . The platform of claim 53 or 54 , wherein the datum transmission module further transmits the sensed datum light.
56 . The platform of claim 55 , wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy based on the sensed datum light.
57 . The platform of any preceding claim, further comprising an actuator coupled to the non-contact sensor
58 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 56 , further comprising an actuator coupled to the probe.
59 . The platform of claim 57 , wherein the non-contact sensor comprises a second coupling that removably connects to the actuator.
60 . The platform of claim 57 , wherein the non-contact sensor captures a first morphology at a first location, wherein the actuator orients the non-contact sensor to a second location different from the first location, and wherein the non-contact sensor captures a third morphology at the second location.
61 . The platform of claim 58 , wherein the probe comprises a first coupling that removably connects to the actuator.
62 . The platform of any preceding claim, further comprising a encoder measuring a position of the non-contact mapping system
63 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , and 4 - 56 , further comprising a encoder measuring a position of the probe.
64 . The platform of claim 62 or 63 , wherein the first morphology is based on a measurement by the passive encoder.
65 . The platform of claim 62 , wherein the second morphology is based on a measurement by the passive encoder.
66 . The platform of claim 62 , wherein the encoder is a rotational encoder.
67 . The platform of claim 62 , wherein the encoder is a translational encoder.
68 . The platform of any preceding claim, further comprising a mouth coupling device removably coupling the non-contact mapping to the mouth of the patient.
69 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy based on a historical morphology data of the subject.
70 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system normalizes the first morphology data.
71 . The platform of claim 70 , wherein the first morphology data is normalized by a first machine learning algorithm.
72 . The platform of any one of claims 1 , 2 , 4 - 56 , wherein the modeling system normalizes the second morphology data.
73 . The platform of claim 72 , wherein the second morphology data is normalized by a first machine learning algorithm
74 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy based on a predetermined anatomy landmark.
75 . The platform of claim 74 , wherein the modeling system determines the 3D dental anatomy by triangulation, confocal imaging, stereophotogrammetry, or any combination thereof
76 . The platform of claim 74 , wherein the anatomy landmark comprises a gum margin, a marked tooth, or both.
77 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further determines the 3D dental anatomy by applying a second machine learning algorithm.
78 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further determines an anatomy classification based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
79 . The platform of claim 78 , wherein the anatomy classification comprises a tooth classification, a gum classification, a lip classification, a cheek classification, a tongue classification, or any combination thereof.
80 . The platform of claim 78 , wherein the modeling system determines the anatomy classification by applying a third machine learning algorithm.
81 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further extrapolates the 3D dental anatomy.
82 . The platform of claim 81 , wherein the modeling system extrapolates the 3D dental anatomy using a fourth machine learning algorithm.
83 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further interpolates the 3D dental anatomy.
84 . The platform of claim 83 , wherein the modeling system interpolates the 3D dental anatomy using a fifth machine learning algorithm.
85 . The platform of any preceding claim, further comprising a dental effector performing a dental surgery based at least in part on the 3D dental anatomy of the subject.
86 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the dental anatomy is of a tooth, a jaw, a gum, a lingual tooth surface, a subgingival surface, an interproximal gap, or any combination thereof.
87 . The platform of any preceding claim, wherein the first morphology data, the second morphology data, the 3D dental anatomy, or any combination thereof comprises a point cloud, a mesh, a surface model, or any combination thereof.
88 . The platform of any one of claims 1 and 3 - 87 , wherein the sensor transmission module, the probe transmission module, the datum transmission module, or any combination thereof comprise a wired transmitter.
89 . The platform of any one of claims 1 and 3 - 87 , wherein the sensor transmission module, the probe transmission module, the datum transmission module, or any combination thereof comprise a wireless transmitter.
90 . The platform of claim 89 , wherein the Bluetooth transmitter, a Wi-Fi transmitter, a cellular transmitter, a wired transmitter, an optical transmitter, or any combination thereof
91 . A method for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the method comprising:
(a) capturing, by non-contact sensing, a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject;
(b) transmitting, the first morphology data;
(c) measuring an orientation of a probe while a probe contact surface of the probe contacts the mouth of the subject;
(d) transmitting the orientation of the probe;
(e) measuring an orientation of a datum;
transmitting the orientation of the datum;
(g) determining a second morphology data based on the orientation of the probe and the orientation of the datum; and
(h) determining the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
92 . A method for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the method comprising:
(a) capturing, by a non-contact sensor, a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject;
(b) transmitting, by a sensor transmission module, the first morphology data;
(c) measuring, by a probe orientation sensor having a probe contact surface, an orientation of a probe while the probe contact surface contacts the mouth of the subject;
(d) transmitting, by a probe transmission module, the orientation of the probe; and
(e) determining the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data and the orientation of the probe.
93 . A method for mapping a three-dimensional (3D) dental anatomy of a subject, the method comprising:
(a) capturing, by a first non-contact sensor, a first portion of a first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject;
(b) capturing, by a second non-contact sensor, a second portion of the first morphology data of at least a portion of the mouth of the subject;
(c) transmitting, by a sensor transmission module, the first morphology data;
(d) determining the 3D dental anatomy based on the first morphology data.
94 . The method of claim 92 , further comprising:
(a) measuring, by a datum orientation sensor, an orientation of the datum; and
(b) transmitting, by a probe transmission module, the orientation of the datum.
95 . The method of claim 94 , wherein the second morphology data is determined based on the orientation of the probe and the orientation of the datum.
96 . The method of claim 95 , wherein the 3D dental anatomy is determined based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
97 . The method of claim 91 or 94 , wherein the datum orientation sensor comprises an accelerometer, a tilt sensor, a gyroscope, a GPS sensor, a distance sensor, a RADAR, a magnet, a radio frequency generator, a radio frequency receiver, or any combination thereof.
98 . The method of claim 91 or 94 , wherein the datum orientation sensor is located within at most about 2 inches from the center of mass of the datum.
99 . The method of claim 91 or 94 , wherein the orientation of the datum comprises a rotation of the datum about one or more axes, a translation of the datum in one or more directions, a rotational velocity of the datum about one or more axes, a translational velocity of the datum in one or more directions, an angular acceleration of the datum about one or more axes, a translational acceleration of the datum in one or more directions, or any combination thereof.
100 . The method of claim 91 or 94 , further comprising mounting the datum to the subject with a datum fastener.
101 . The method of claim 100 , wherein mounting the datum to the subject comprises rigidly and removably mounting the datum to the subject.
102 . The method of claim 100 , wherein mounting the datum to the subject comprises mounting the datum to a tooth of the subject, the jaw of the subject, or both.
103 . The method of claim 100 , wherein mounting the datum to the subject comprises mounting the datum outside the subject's mouth.
104 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising measuring, by an encoder, a position of the non-contact mapping system.
105 . The method of claim 104 , wherein the first morphology is based on a measurement by the passive encoder.
106 . The method of any one of claim 91 , 92 , or 94 , further comprising measuring, by an encoder, a position of the probe.
107 . The method of claim 106 , wherein the second morphology is based on a measurement by the passive encoder
108 . The method of claim 104 , wherein the encoder is a rotational encoder.
109 . The method of claim 104 , wherein the encoder is a translational encoder.
110 . The method of any one of claim 91 , 94 , or 100 - 103 , further comprising capturing, by the non-contact sensor, a datum fiducial on the datum.
111 . The method of claim 104 , wherein first morphology data comprises the datum fiducial.
112 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the non-contact sensor comprises a 3D scanner, a LIDAR, a RADAR, a laser, a camera, a microscope, an optical coherence tomogram (OCT), a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM), or any combination thereof
113 . The method of claim 112 , wherein the OCT comprises a time-domain OCT, a Fourier-domain OCT, a swept-source OCT, or any combination thereof.
114 . The method of claim 112 , wherein the camera comprises an endoscopic camera.
115 . The method of claim 114 , wherein the endoscopic camera comprises an illumination source.
116 . The method of claim 112 , wherein the microscope comprises a confocal laser scanning microscope, a multi-photon microscope, or both.
117 . The method of claim 112 , wherein the confocal laser scanning microscope, the multi-photon microscope, or both, capture an image of a fluorescence within the oral cavity of the subject.
118 . The method of claim 117 , further comprising applying the fluorescence to the oral cavity of the subject.
119 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the first morphology comprises a visible surface morphology, a subsurface occluded morphology, or both.
120 . The method of claim 119 , wherein the subsurface occluded morphology comprises a tooth pulp, a muscle, a nerve, a blood vessel, or any combination thereof.
121 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein capturing the first morphology comprises point-by-point scanning, line scanning, raster scanning, full-field scanning, or any combination thereof.
122 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein capturing the first morphology comprises activating a switch to initiate the capture of the first morphological data, terminate the capture of the first morphological data, or both.
123 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising mounting a reference fiducial to the subject.
124 . The method of claim 123 , wherein the first morphology data further comprises a location of the reference fiducial, orientation of the reference fiducial, or both.
125 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe orientation sensor comprises an accelerometer, a tilt sensor, a gyroscope, a GPS sensor, a distance sensor, a RADAR, a magnet, a radio frequency generator, a radio frequency receiver, or any combination thereof.
126 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe orientation sensor is located within at most about 2 inches from the center of mass of the probe.
127 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the orientation of the probe comprises a rotation of the probe about one or more axes, a translation of the probe in one or more directions, a rotational velocity of the probe about one or more axes, a translational velocity of the probe in one or more directions, an angular acceleration of the probe about one or more axes, a translational acceleration of the probe in one or more directions, or any combination thereof.
128 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe comprises a periodontal endoscope.
129 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe contact surface comprises a sub-gingival probe contact surface.
130 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe contact surface is generally acute.
131 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe contact surface is rounded.
132 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein at least a portion of the probe contact surface is rigid.
133 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein at least a portion of the probe contact surface is flexible.
134 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising one or more of:
(a) measuring, by a force sensor, a probe force between the probe contact surface and a dental surface of the subject; and
(b) determining, by a touch sensor, if the distal probe contacts the dental surface of the subject.
135 . The method of claim 134 , further comprising transmitting, by the transmission module, the probe force, the contact determination, or both.
136 . The method of claim 134 , wherein the 3D dental anatomy is further based on the probe force, the contact determination, or both.
137 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein a center axis of at least a portion of the probe contact surface is parallel to a center axis of at least a portion of the handle.
138 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein a center axis of at least a portion of the probe contact surface is askew from a center axis of at least a portion of the handle.
139 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe further comprises a probe fiducial visible to the non-contact sensor.
140 . The method of claim 139 , wherein first morphology data comprises the probe fiducial.
141 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the probe further comprises a probe light sensor, and wherein the method further comprises emitting a light beam by a pulsed light emitter.
142 . The method of claim 141 , further comprising translating the light beam, rotating the light beam, or both, with respect to the probe light sensor.
143 . The method of claim 141 or 142 , further comprising transmitting, by the probe transmission module, the sensed probe light.
144 . The method of claim 143 , wherein 3D dental anatomy is further based on the sensed probe light.
145 . The method of claim 91 or 94 , wherein the datum further comprises a datum light sensor, and wherein the method further comprises emitting a light beam by a pulsed light emitter.
146 . The method of claim 145 , further comprising translating the light beam, rotating the light beam, or both, with respect to the datum light sensor.
147 . The method of claim 145 or 146 , further comprising transmitting, by the datum transmission module, the sensed datum light.
148 . The method of claim 147 , wherein the 3D dental anatomy is further based on the sensed datum light.
149 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising orienting, by an actuator, the non-contact mapping system.
150 . The method of claim 149 , further comprising capturing the first morphology at a first location, orienting, by the actuator, the non-contact sensor to a second location different from the first location, and capturing, by the non-contact sensor, a third morphology at the second location.
151 . The method of claim, 91 or 92 , further comprising orienting, by an actuator, the probe.
152 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising coupling the non-contact mapping sensor to the mouth of the subject.
153 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the 3D dental anatomy is further based on a historical morphology data of the subject.
154 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising normalizing the first morphology data.
155 . The method of claim 154 , wherein the first morphology data is normalized by a first machine learning algorithm.
156 . The method of claim 91 or 92 , further comprising normalizing the second morphology data.
157 . The method of claim 156 , wherein the second morphology data is normalized by a first machine learning algorithm.
158 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the 3D dental anatomy is further based on a predetermined anatomy landmark.
159 . The method of claim 158 , wherein the 3D dental anatomy is determined by triangulation, confocal imaging, stereophotogrammetry, or any combination thereof
160 . The method of claim 158 , wherein the anatomy landmark comprises a gum margin, a marked tooth, or both.
161 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the 3D dental anatomy is determined by applying a second machine learning algorithm.
162 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising determining an anatomy classification based on the first morphology data and the second morphology data.
163 . The method of claim 162 , wherein the anatomy classification comprises a tooth classification, a gum classification, a lip classification, a cheek classification, a tongue classification, or any combination thereof.
164 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising extrapolating the 3D dental anatomy.
165 . The method of claim 164 , wherein extrapolating the 3D dental anatomy is performed by a fifth machine learning algorithm.
166 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the modeling system further interpolates the 3D dental anatomy.
167 . The method of claim 166 , wherein the modeling system interpolates the 3D dental anatomy using a fourth machine learning algorithm.
168 . The method of any preceding claim, further comprising performing a dental surgery based at least in part on the 3D dental anatomy of the subject.
169 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the dental anatomy is of a tooth, a jaw, a gum, a lingual tooth surface, a subgingival surface, an interproximal gap, or any combination thereof.
170 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the first morphology data, the second morphology data, the 3D dental anatomy, or any combination thereof comprises a point cloud, a mesh, a surface model, or any combination thereof
171 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the sensor transmission module, the probe transmission module, the datum transmission module, or any combination thereof comprise a wired transmitter.
172 . The method of any preceding claim, wherein the sensor transmission module, the probe transmission module, the datum transmission module, or any combination thereof comprise a wireless transmitter.
173 . The method of claim 172 , wherein the Bluetooth transmitter, a Wi-Fi transmitter, a cellular transmitter, a wired transmitter, an optical transmitter, or any combination thereof