Multiplier-accumulator circuitry, and processing pipeline including same
An integrated circuit comprising a plurality of MACs, connected to form a pipeline, to perform a plurality of multiply and accumulate operations, wherein each MAC includes: (A) a multiplier, coupled to memory to (i) receive the multiplier weight data, (ii) multiply first data and the multiplier weight data and (iii) output product data, (B) an accumulator, coupled to the multiplier of the MAC, to add second data and the first product data and output sum data, and (C) a load-store register, coupled to: (i) an output of the accumulator of the associated MAC and (ii) an input of the load-store register of an immediately successive MAC. Each load-store register may include two interconnected registers, and is configurable to, on the same clock cycle, (a) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive MAC and (b) store the sum data from the associated MAC into the load-store register.
1. An integrated circuit comprising:
first memory to store a plurality of multiplier weight data including multiplier weight data;
a plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits, connected to form a pipeline, to perform a plurality of multiply and accumulate operations, wherein each multiplier-accumulator circuit includes:
a multiplier, coupled to the first memory to (i) receive the multiplier weight data, (ii) multiply first data and the multiplier weight data and (iii) output product data, and
an accumulator, coupled to the multiplier of the multiplier-accumulator circuit, to add second data and the first product data and output sum data; and
a load-store register, coupled to: (i) an output of the accumulator of the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit and (ii) an input of the load-store register of an immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline via an electrical path that bypasses an adder of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit.
2. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data and (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline.
3. The integrated circuit of claim 2 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data, (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline, and (iii) store the data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register.
4. The integrated circuit of claim 3 wherein:
each load-store register:
includes two interconnected registers, and
is configurable to, on the same clock cycle, (a) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline and (b) store the sum data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register, wherein data in the two interconnected registers are swapped therebetween.
5. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein:
each load-store register includes two interconnected registers.
6. The integrated circuit of claim 5 wherein:
each load-store register further includes two multiplexers.
7. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein the load-store register includes:
two interconnected registers, and
two multiplexers, wherein each multiplexer includes (i) an output connected to an input of one of the interconnected registers and (ii) a first input connected to the output of the other interconnected register.
8. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein:
each multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits further includes second memory, coupled to the first memory, to receive multiplier weight data from the first memory and store multiplier weight data for use by the multiplier of the multiplier-accumulator circuit.
9. The integrated circuit of claim 8 wherein:
the second memory is ROM and, in operation, the multiplier weight data is read from the ROM and output to the multiplier of the multiplier-accumulator circuit.
10. The integrated circuit of claim 1 wherein:
each multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits further includes a by-pass circuit, coupled between an output of the accumulator of an immediately preceding multiplier-accumulator circuit and the load-store register of the multiplier-accumulator circuit.
11. An integrated circuit comprising:
memory to store a plurality of multiplier weight data including multiplier weight data;
a plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits, connected to form a pipeline, to perform a plurality of multiply and accumulate operations, wherein each multiplier-accumulator circuit includes:
a multiplier, coupled to the memory to (i) receive the multiplier weight data, (ii) multiply first data and the multiplier weight data and (iii) output product data, and
an accumulator, coupled to the multiplier of the multiplier-accumulator circuit, to add second data and the first product data and output sum data, and
a load-store register, coupled to: (i) an output of the accumulator of the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit and (ii) an input of the load-store register of an immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline; and
input selection circuit, connected to a first multiplier-accumulator circuit of the pipeline and a last multiplier-accumulator circuit of the pipeline, wherein the input selection circuit is configurable to connect the last multiplier-accumulator circuit to the first multiplier-accumulator circuit to form a ring.
12. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
the input selection circuit includes a multiplexer.
13. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
input selection circuit is configurable to disconnect the last multiplier-accumulator circuit from the first multiplier-accumulator circuit.
14. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
input selection circuit is configurable to receive sum data generated via a different pipeline of multiplier-accumulator circuits.
15. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data and (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline.
16. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data, (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline, and (iii) store the sum data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register.
17. The integrated circuit of claim 16 wherein:
each load-store register:
includes two interconnected registers, and
is configurable to, on the same clock cycle, (a) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline, and (b) store the sum data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register, wherein the data in the two interconnected registers are swapped therebetween.
18. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
each load-store register includes two interconnected registers.
19. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
each load-store register further includes two multiplexers.
20. The integrated circuit of claim 11 wherein:
the load-store register includes two interconnected registers; and
the load-store register further includes two multiplexers, wherein each multiplexer includes: (i) an output connected to an input of one of the interconnected registers and (ii) a first input connected to the output of the other interconnected register.
21. An integrated circuit comprising:
memory to store a plurality of multiplier weight data; and
a plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits, connected to form a processing pipeline, to perform a plurality of multiply and accumulate operations, wherein each multiplier-accumulator circuit includes:
a multiplier, coupled to the memory to (i) receive the multiplier weight data, (ii) multiply first data and the multiplier weight data and (iii) output product data, and
an accumulator, coupled to the multiplier of the multiplier-accumulator circuit, to add second data and the first product data and output sum data, and
a load-store register (i) directly connected to an output of the accumulator of the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit and (ii) coupled to an input of the load-store register of an immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the processing pipeline via an electrical path that bypasses an adder of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit.
22. The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein:
each load-store register includes two interconnected registers.
23. The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein:
the load-store register includes two interconnected registers; and
the load-store register further includes two multiplexers, wherein each multiplexer includes: (i) an output connected to an input of one of the interconnected registers and (ii) a first input connected to the output of the other interconnected register.
24. The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data and (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline.
25. The integrated circuit of claim 21 wherein:
the load-store register of each multiplier-accumulator circuit is configurable to: (i) temporarily store initialization data, (ii) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline, and (iii) store the sum data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register.
26. The integrated circuit of claim 25 wherein:
each load-store register:
includes two interconnected registers, and
is configurable to, on the same clock cycle, (a) load the initialization data into the accumulator of the immediately successive multiplier-accumulator circuit of the plurality of multiplier-accumulator circuits of the pipeline, and (b) store the sum data from the associated multiplier-accumulator circuit into the load-store register, wherein the data in the two interconnected registers are swapped therebetween.