Low-voltage power switch and arc fault detection unit
A Rogowski coil is used for determining the magnitude of the electrical current of a conductor of a low-voltage AC circuit, which outputs an analogue voltage which is equivalent to the magnitude of the electrical current of the conductor. The Rogowski coil is connected to an analogue integrator, which is followed by an analogue-digital converter, which converts the integrated analogue voltage into a digital signal which is further processed by a microprocessor in such a way that the phase shift generated by the Rogowski coil and the components connected downstream of the Rogowski coil is compensated such that there are in-phase current values for the detection of error situations in order to protect the low-voltage AC circuit, in particular for a low-voltage power switch or an arc fault detection unit.
1. An arrangement for a low-voltage AC circuit, comprising:
at least one Rogowski coil configured to ascertain an electrical current level of a conductor of the low-voltage AC circuit, the at least one Rogowski coil configured to output an analog voltage that is related to the electrical current level of the conductor,
wherein the at least one Rogowski coil is connected to an analog integrator that is followed by an analog-digital converter that converts an output signal of the analog integrator into a digital signal that is processed further by a microprocessor in such a way that a phase shift generated by at least one of (1) the at least one Rogowski coil, (2) the analog integrator, or (3) the analog-digital converter is compensated for, such that correct-phase current values are ascertained.
2. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
at least one voltage sensor configured to ascertain the level of the voltage of the conductor of the low-voltage AC circuit is provided.
3. The arrangement as claimed in claim 2 , wherein
the at least one voltage sensor is connected to the microprocessor.
4. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising:
an amplifier between the Rogowski coil and the analog-digital converter.
5. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , wherein
a filter follows the Rogowski coil or the integrator, or a filter precedes the analog-digital converter.
6. The arrangement as claimed in claim 1 , wherein
the Rogowski coil is characterized by a mutual inductance, a stray field inductance or a winding resistance, and
the analog integrator comprises at least one resistor/capacitor arrangement with a resultant capacitance and an integrator resistance.
7. The arrangement as claimed in claim 6 , wherein
the correct-phase current values are calculated from the digital signal by means of the mutual inductance, the stray field inductance, the resultant capacitance and the sum of the winding resistance and the integrator resistance which form a resultant resistance.
8. The arrangement as claimed in claim 7 , wherein
the correct-phase current values of the current level of the conductor are calculated by integrating over time in accordance with the following formula:
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9. A method for using a low-voltage AC circuit, said method comprising:
providing a Rogowski coil, a microprocessor, and an analog-digital converter connected to and between the Rogowski coil and the microprocessor,
ascertaining current values of at least one conductor of the low-voltage AC circuit with the Rogowski coil, wherein the Rogowski coil outputs an analog voltage that is related to an electrical current level of the conductor; and
integrating, using an integrator, and processing the analog voltage in such a way that a phase shift generated by at least one of the Rogowski coil or the integrator is compensated for in such a way that correct-phase current values are ascertained.
10. The method as claimed in claim 9 , wherein
the analog voltage or an output signal of the integrator is filtered or amplified.