Methods and systems for performing adaptive equalization of data

1. A receiver comprising:

an adaptation circuit configured to:

estimate a pulse response of a channel, on receiving at least one data sample over the channel, wherein the pulse response of the channel identifies an intersymbol interference (ISI) present on the received at least one data sample; and an equalizer coupled to the adaptation circuit configured to:

perform equalization of the received at least one data sample by cancelling the identified ISI on the received at least one data sample,

wherein the adaptation circuit is configured to estimate the pulse response of the channel by estimating a plurality of cursors present in the pulse response of the channel, wherein the plurality of cursors includes a main cursor, at least one pre-cursor, and at least one post-cursor.

2. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the adaptation circuit is configured to estimate a sign and a magnitude of each cursor present in the pulse response of the channel.

3. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the adaptation circuit comprises a reference regulator, an adaptation sampler, a pattern filter, an additional filter, a phase rotator (PR), and an adaptation controller for estimating the pulse response of the channel, wherein the reference regulator includes one of an analog regulator, and a digital regulator.

4. The receiver of claim 3 , wherein:

the adaptation controller is configured to:

set a default threshold value of ‘0’ for the adaptation sampler through the reference regulator that converges the PR to a position of an edge sampling clock of a Clock and Data recovery (CDR) circuit; and

initiate performing pulse response estimation iterations until estimating the plurality of cursors present in the pulse response of the channel, wherein at each stage of pulse response estimation iteration,

the pattern filter is configured to:

select a pattern for each of the received at least one data sample from a stored plurality of patterns;

the reference regulator is configured to:

vary threshold values of the adaptation sampler with respect to the selected pattern based on a previous converging position of the PR; the additional filter is configured to:

process an output of the adaptation sampler corresponding to the varied threshold values; and

provide the processed output of the adaptation sampler with respect to the varied threshold values to the PR in a negative feedback loop; the PR is configured to:

converge at a same position corresponding to the previous converging position for one of the varied threshold values of the adaptation sampler; and

the adaptation controller is configured to:

estimate one of the varied threshold values of the adaptation sampler that caused the PR to converge at the same position corresponding to the previous converging position as a value of a cursor of the plurality of cursors, with respect to a length and a type of the selected pattern.

5. The receiver of claim 4 , wherein the pattern filter is configured to select the pattern with progressively increased pattern length from the stored plurality of patterns at each stage of pulse response estimation iteration for estimating a plurality number of post cursors and pre-cursors, wherein the pattern with the progressively increased pattern length includes progressively increased numbers of bits.

6. The receiver of claim 4 , wherein the varying threshold value of the adaptation sampler corresponds to a function of the plurality of cursors present in the pulse response, wherein arguments of the function grow in proportion to the number of bits of the selected pattern due to estimating and cancelling the plurality of cursors in the pulse response from neighboring bits of a previously selected pattern.

7. The receiver of claim 4 , wherein at each stage of pulse response estimation iteration, the PR is configured to always converge to the previous converging position at a unique threshold value of the adaptation sampler irrespective of the plurality of patterns.

8. The receiver of claim 4 , wherein the adaptation controller is configured to identify the convergence of the PR by:

swerving through output voltage levels of the reference regulator at a sampling position and performing at least one action on the output voltage levels of the reference regulator reaching to a threshold value of the reference regulator corresponding to the selected pattern, wherein the at least one action includes at least one of, summation of the output voltage levels, and subtraction of the output voltage levels.

9. The receiver of claim 4 , wherein at each stage of pulse response estimation iteration, the adaptation controller is configured to estimate progressively increasing number of cursors in the pulse response corresponding to a progressively increased pattern length with an increased resolution.

10. The receiver of claim 9 , wherein the adaptation controller is configured to estimate the value of the cursor present in the pulse response of the channel using alternate cycles of reference calibration and PR calibration, wherein the reference calibration includes one of, an analog calibration method, and a digital calibration method.

11. The receiver of claim 10 , wherein the adaptation controller is configured to estimate the value of the cursor based on the alternate cycles of the digital calibration method and the PR calibration by:

alternating counting through output voltage levels of the reference regulator with increment or decrement counting on at least one equalization code, wherein the at least one equalization code includes a continuous time linear equalizer (CTLE) code and decision feedback equalizer (DFE) code.

12. The receiver of claim 1 , wherein the equalizer is configured to perform equalization of the received at least one data sample by:

cancelling the ISI using a combination of at least one of the CTLE code and the DFE code; or

cancelling the ISI using an analog equalization method.

13. A method for performing adaptive equalization of data, the method comprising:

estimating, by a receiver, a pulse response of a channel, on receiving at least one data sample over the channel, wherein the pulse response of the channel identifies an intersymbol interference (ISI) present on the received at least one data sample; and

performing, by the receiver, equalization of the received at least one data sample by cancelling the identified ISI on the received at least one data sample,

wherein the pulse response of the channel is estimated by estimating a plurality of cursors present in the pulse response of the channel, wherein the plurality of cursors includes a main cursor, at least one pre-cursor, and at least one post-cursor.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the pulse response of the channel is estimated by estimating a sign and a magnitude of each cursor present in the pulse response of the channel.

15. The method of claim 13 , wherein estimating, by the receiver, the pulse response of the channel includes:

through a reference regulator, setting a default threshold value of ‘0’ for an adaptation sampler which converges a Phase Rotator (PR) to a position of an edge sampling clock of a Clock and Data recovery (CDR) circuit; and

initiating of performing pulse response estimation iterations, until estimating the plurality of cursors present in the pulse response of the channel, wherein each stage of pulse response estimation iteration includes:

selecting a pattern for each of the received at least one data sample from a stored plurality of patterns using a filter;

varying threshold values of the adaptation sampler with respect to the selected pattern based on a previous converging position of the PR;

processing an output of the adaptation sampler corresponding to the varied threshold values; and

providing the processed output of the adaptation sampler with respect to the varied threshold values to the PR in a negative feedback loop; converging of the PR at a same position corresponding to the previous converging position for one of the varied threshold values of the adaptation sampler; and

estimating one of the varied threshold values of the adaptation sampler that caused the PR to converge at the same position corresponding to the previous converging position as a value of a cursor of the plurality of cursors, with respect to a length and a type of the selected pattern.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein selecting the pattern at each stage of pulse response estimation iteration includes:

selecting the pattern with progressively increased pattern length from the stored plurality of patterns for estimating a plurality of post cursors and pre-cursors, wherein the pattern with the progressively increased pattern length includes progressively increased numbers of bits.

17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the varying threshold values of the adaptation sampler corresponds to a function of the plurality of cursors present in the pulse response, wherein arguments of the function grow in proportion to the number of bits of the selected pattern due to estimating and cancelling the plurality of cursors in the pulse response from neighboring bits of a previously selected pattern.

18. The method of claim 15 , wherein varying the threshold values of the adaptation sampler for the selected pattern causes the PR to always converge at a unique threshold value independent of the patterns.