Axial flux motor assemblies with integrated power electronics and double-sided cooling
An axial flux motor assembly is disclosed and includes: an axial flux motor comprising a rotor, and a first stator; and a power inverter assembly. The power module assembly includes: a printed circuit board; a control module mounted on the printed circuit board; power module assemblies connected to the printed circuit board and controlled by the control module; and a cold plate. The cold plate is disposed between the first stator and the power module assemblies and includes a first side and a second side, which is opposite the first side. The cold plate cools the power module assemblies via the first side and the first stator via the second side.
1. An axial flux motor assembly comprising:
an axial flux motor comprising
a rotor, and
a first stator; and
a power inverter assembly comprising
a printed circuit board,
a control module mounted on the printed circuit board,
a plurality of power module assemblies connected to the printed circuit board and controlled by the control module, and
a first cold plate disposed between the first stator and the plurality of power module assemblies and comprising a first side and a second side, which is opposite the first side, the first cold plate cooling the plurality of power module assemblies via the first side and the first stator via the second side,
wherein at least one of i) the second side of the first cold plate is in direct contact with the first stator, and ii) the first cold plate comprises at least one enclosed cavity to and from which a liquid coolant is circulated.
2. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a second stator,
wherein the rotor is disposed between the first stator and the second stator.
3. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 2 , further comprising a second cold plate cooling the second stator,
wherein the first stator and the second stator are disposed between the first cold plate and the second cold plate.
4. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of power module assemblies include power modules that collectively provide an inverter, which converts a direct current voltage to an alternating voltage to power the axial flux motor.
5. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 , wherein the power inverter assembly is attached to an axial end of the axial flux motor.
6. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of power module assemblies comprises:
a baseplate connected to the first cold plate and comprising a plurality of pin fins cooled by a coolant circulating through the first cold plate;
at least one of a heat pipe or a vapor chamber; and
a power module disposed between the baseplate and the at least one of the heat pipe or the vapor chamber.
7. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 6 , wherein:
the at least one of the heat pipe or the vapor chamber comprises a first portion, a second portion and a transition region between the first portion and the second portion;
the first portion is in contact with the power module;
the second portion is in contact with the baseplate; and
the transition region is bent to provide a gap between the first portion and the baseplate in which the power module is disposed.
8. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 6 , wherein the power module comprises:
a first substrate in contact with the at least one of the heat pipe and the vapor chamber;
a second substrate in contact with the baseplate; and
an encapsulated body disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
9. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 6 , wherein:
the baseplate is connected to the first cold plate; and
the plurality of pin fins extend into a cavity of the first cold plate.
10. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 , wherein:
the plurality of power module assemblies comprise respectively a plurality of power modules; and
the plurality of power modules comprise a plurality of pins configured to be connected to the printed circuit board.
11. A drive system comprising:
the axial flux motor assembly of claim 1 ;
a pump connected to the first cold plate via coolant lines; and
a second control module configured to control the pump to circulate coolant to and from the first cold plate.
12. An axial flux motor assembly comprising:
an axial flux motor comprising
a rotor, and
a first stator; and
a power inverter assembly comprising
a printed circuit board,
a control module mounted on the printed circuit board,
a plurality of power module assemblies connected to the printed circuit board and controlled by the control module, and
a cold plate disposed between the first stator and the plurality of power module assemblies and comprising a first side and a second side, which is opposite the first side, the cold plate cooling the plurality of power module assemblies via the first side and the first stator via the second side,
wherein
the plurality of power module assemblies comprise respectively a plurality of power modules, and
each of the plurality of power modules comprises bus bar connectors for connecting to (i) a same set of direct current bus bars, and (ii) respective phases of the first stator.
13. A power module assembly for an axial flux motor assembly, the power module assembly comprising:
at least one of a heat pipe or a vapor chamber;
a baseplate configured to be mounted on a cold plate of the axial flux motor assembly and comprising a plurality of pin fins cooled by a coolant circulating through the cold plate and across the plurality of pin fins; and
a first power module disposed between the baseplate and the at least one of the heat pipe or the vapor chamber and cooled by (i) the baseplate and (ii) the at least one of the heat pipe or the vapor chamber.
14. The power module assembly of claim 13 , wherein the plurality of pin fins are arranged to extend within an opening in the cold plate.
15. The power module assembly of claim 13 , wherein:
the at least one of the heat pipe or the vapor chamber comprises a first portion, a second portion and a transition region between the first portion and the second portion;
the first portion is in contact with the first power module;
the second portion is in contact with the baseplate; and
the transition region is bent to provide a gap between the first portion and the baseplate in which the first power module is disposed.
16. The power module assembly of claim 13 , wherein the first power module comprises a plurality of switch-diode pairs providing a half-bridge of an inverter.
17. An axial flux motor assembly comprising:
a rotor;
a stator;
the power module assembly of claim 13 ; and
the cold plate comprising an opening, which is configured to receive the plurality of pin fins,
wherein
the baseplate is configured to be mounted on the cold plate, and
the cold plate is disposed between and cools the baseplate and the stator.
18. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 17 , further comprising additional power module assemblies mounted on the cold plate, wherein:
the additional power module assemblies comprising respective power modules; and
the first power module and each of the power modules of the additional power module assemblies comprises bus bar connectors for connecting to (i) a same set of direct current bus bars, and (ii) respective phases of the stator.
19. The axial flux motor assembly of claim 17 , wherein the power module assembly comprises a first control module configured to control states of switches of the first power module.
20. A drive system comprising:
the axial flux motor assembly of claim 19 ;
a pump connected to the cold plate via coolant lines; and
a second control module configured to control the pump to circulate the coolant to and from the cold plate.