Granted Patent B2

US 12,227,707 · App. 17/865,995 · Granted Feb 18, 2025

Inventors: Qi Xu (Dhahran, SA); Aaron Chi Akah (Dhahran, SA); Musaed Salem Al-Ghrami (Dammam, SA); Zhonglin Zhang (Dhahran, SA)

Assignee: Saudi Arabian Oil Company

C10G69/14C01B3/24C07C6/126C10G9/36C10G11/20C10G21/003C10G35/04C10G49/22C10J3/00C01B2203/065C01B2203/1241C10G2300/1033C10G2300/301C10G2300/4006C10G2300/4012C10G2300/4018C10G2300/4081C10G2300/42C10G2400/20C10G2400/30C10J2300/16

Abstract

Claims (62)

1. An integrated process for upgrading a hydrocarbon oil feed stream, the method comprising:

solvent deasphalting the hydrocarbon oil stream to form at least a deasphalted oil stream and heavy residual hydrocarbons, the heavy residual hydrocarbons comprising at least asphaltenes;

processing the heavy residual hydrocarbons in a gasification unit to form syngas and gasification residue;

hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream to form a light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream and a heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream;

steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in a first steam enhanced catalytic cracker to form a light steam enhanced catalytically cracked product comprising olefins, BTX, naphtha, or combinations thereof;

steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in a second steam enhanced catalytic cracker to form a heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked product comprising olefins, BTX, naphtha, or combinations thereof; and

passing at least a portion of the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, the heavy steam enhanced catalytically cracked stream, or both to a product separator to produce a olefin product stream, a naphtha product stream, and a BTX product stream;

passing the naphtha product stream directly to an aromatics complex; and

processing the naphtha product stream in an aromatics complex to produce benzene and xylenes, and wherein

a first ratio of gas hourly space velocity of steam to gas hourly space velocity of light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in the first steam enhanced catalytic cracker is less than a second ratio of gas hourly space velocity of steam to heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in the second steam enhanced catalytic cracker,

the first ratio is from 0.2 to 0.8, and

the second ratio is from 0.8 to 1.0.

2. The process of claim 1 , wherein processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex further comprises:

catalytically reforming the naphtha product stream to produce a reformate stream comprising benzene, toluene, and xylene; and

upgrading the toluene in the reformate stream in a transalkylation unit to form additional benzene, xylenes, or both.

3. The process of claim 1 , wherein

the light C 5+ hydrocarbon fraction comprises C 5+ hydrocarbons having a T 95 boiling point of less than 200° C.; and

the heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon fraction comprises C 5+ hydrocarbons having a T 5 boiling point of greater than or equal to 200° C.

4. The process of claim 1 , wherein

hydrotreating the deasphalted oil stream additionally forms a C 1 hydrocarbon stream and a C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon stream; and

the C 1 hydrocarbon stream, the C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon stream, the light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream, and the heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream together comprise a hydrotreated product stream.

5. The process of claim 4 , further comprising:

methane cracking the C 1 hydrocarbon stream to form hydrogen;

steam cracking the C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon stream to form a steam cracked product comprising olefins, naphtha, and BTX;

passing the steam cracked product to the product separator to thereby separate the olefins, the naphtha, and the BTX, and to thereby produce the olefin product stream, the naphtha product stream, the BTX product stream, and one or more product separator recycle streams, wherein the one or more product separator recycle streams comprise a methane recycle stream, a steam cracker recycle stream, a hydrotreater recycle stream, or combinations thereof;

hydrotreating the hydrotreater recycle stream to form additional C 1 hydrocarbon stream, C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon stream, light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream, heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream, or combinations thereof, wherein the hydrotreater recycle stream comprises cracked naphtha and light cycle oil having boiling points of between 185° C. to 650° C.;

methane cracking the methane recycle stream to form additional hydrogen;

steam cracking the steam cracker recycle stream to form additional steam cracked product, wherein the steam cracker recycle stream comprises C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbons; and

passing the hydrogen to the hydrotreater to be recycled in the hydrotreater.

6. The process of claim 5 , further comprising:

processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex, wherein processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex further comprises:

catalytically reforming the naphtha to produce a reformate stream comprising benzene, toluene, and xylene,

passing at least a portion of the reformate stream through one or more extractive distillation units to separate the benzene, toluene, and xylenes, produce a C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbon recycle stream, and produce a C 9+ hydrocarbon stream, and

upgrading the toluene in a transalkylation unit to form additional benzene, xylenes, or both;

passing the C 1 -C 4 hydrocarbon recycle stream to the product separator to produce additional methane recycle stream, additional steam cracker recycle stream, or both; and

passing the C 9+ hydrocarbon stream to the hydrotreater to produce additional C 1 hydrocarbon stream, C 2 -C 4 hydrocarbon stream, light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream, heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream, or combinations thereof.

7. The process of claim 1 , further comprising:

initially passing the hydrocarbon oil stream through a feed separator to separate the hydrocarbon oil stream into a heavy hydrocarbon fraction, a light hydrocarbon fraction, and a feed naphtha stream;

solvent deasphalting the heavy hydrocarbon fraction to form at least the deasphalted oil stream and the heavy residual hydrocarbons;

steam enhanced catalytically cracking at least the light hydrocarbon fraction in the first steam enhanced catalytic cracker to form the light steam enhanced catalytically cracked product; and

processing the feed naphtha stream in the aromatics complex to produce additional benzene and xylenes.

8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon oil stream comprises whole crude oil or crude oil fractions.

9. The process of claim 6 , wherein:

the solvent deasphalting unit is operated at a temperature of from 60° C. to 90° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.4 MPa;

the gasification unit is operated at a temperature of from 600° C. to 1100° C. and a pressure of from 1 MPa to 6.2 MPa;

the hydrotreating zone is operated at a temperature of from 370° C. to 500° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa;

the steam enhanced catalytic cracking system is operated at a temperature of from 525° C. to 750° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa;

the methane cracking zone is operated at a temperature of from 850° C. to 1200° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa;

the steam cracking zone is operated at a temperature of from 800° C. to 950° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 MPa to 0.2 MPa;

the catalytic reformer is operated at a temperature of from 450° C. to 600° C. and a pressure of from 0.7 MPa to 7 MPa; and

the transalkylation unit is operated at a temperature of from 350° C. to 450° C. and a pressure of from 1 MPa to 5 MPa.

10. The process of claim 1 , wherein:

the deasphalted oil comprises C 1 to C 5+ hydrocarbons;

the heavy residual hydrocarbons comprise C 5+ hydrocarbons having boiling points of between 426° C. to 650° C.;

the syngas comprises hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, or combinations thereof; and

the gasification residue comprises char particles, ash, slag, tar, or combinations thereof.

11. The process of claim 1 , wherein:

steam enhanced catalytically cracking the light C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in the first steam enhanced catalytic cracker forms the olefins and the naphtha in a ratio of from 2:1 to 7:1 olefins to naphtha; and

steam enhanced catalytically cracking the heavy C 5+ hydrocarbon stream in the second steam enhanced catalytic cracker forms the olefins and the naphtha in a ratio of from 1.5:1 to 0.8:1 olefins to naphtha.

12. The process of claim 1 , wherein processing the naphtha product stream in the aromatics complex does not comprise hydrotreating and further comprises:

catalytically reforming the naphtha product stream to produce a reformate stream comprising benzene, toluene, and xylene; and

upgrading the toluene in the reformate stream in a transalkylation unit to form additional benzene, xylenes, or both.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (1)

References Cited (59)