Method for acquiring images of at least one celestial body and apparatus for implementing the method
An image acquisition method includes defining a first optical sensor configuration of a matrix to acquire the image of a first celestial body of first nature, the first configuration having a plurality of unit pixels, defining at least one second optical sensor configuration of the matrix to acquire the image of the second celestial body of second nature, the second configuration having a plurality of macro-pixels formed by groupings of unit pixels, and selecting one of the optical sensor configurations, the selection being made according to the nature of the observed celestial body.
1 . A method for acquiring an image of at least one celestial body, comprising:
using an apparatus comprising a hollow body inside which, in use, light rays coming from at least one observed celestial body penetrate, said observed celestial body chosen from among at least one first celestial body of a first nature and one second celestial body of a second nature, the nature of the first celestial body being different from the nature of the second celestial body
arranging, in the hollow body, an optical system having an optical axis, the optical system is configured such that the light rays form, in an image focus located in a focal plane, an image of the observed celestial body,
arranging in the image focus, a matrix of optical sensors to acquire the image of the observed celestial body, wherein the matrix has a plurality n of unit pixels P 1 ,
defining a first optical sensor configuration of the matrix to acquire the image of the first celestial body of first nature, said first configuration having the plurality n of unit pixels P 1 , n being a natural integer,
defining at least one second optical sensor configuration of the matrix to acquire the image of the second celestial body of second nature, said second configuration having a plurality m 2 of macro-pixels P 2 formed by groupings of unit pixels P 1 , m 2 being a natural integer,
selecting one of the optical sensor configurations to acquire the image of the celestial body formed in the image focus, the selection of the optical sensor configuration carried out according to the nature of the observed celestial body, either the first celestial body of first nature or the second celestial body of second nature, and
defining the second optical sensor configuration according to the formula m 2 =n/k 2 with k 2 a natural integer of greater than or equal to 2.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising defining the second optical sensor configuration according to the formula m 2 =n/p 2 2 with p 2 a natural integer of greater than or equal to 2.
3 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
acquiring an image of the observed celestial body by the matrix of optical sensors, and generating a digital representation of said image,
analyzing the digital representation to calculate a value of the brightness of the observed celestial body,
wherein the selection of the optical sensor configuration is automatically carried out according to the result of a comparison of this calculated value with one or more pre-recorded threshold values or with one or more pre-recorded threshold magnitude ranges.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
acquiring an image of the observed celestial body by the matrix of optical sensors, and generating a digital representation of said image,
analyzing the digital representation to calculate a value of the brightness of the observed celestial body,
wherein the selection of the optical sensor configuration is automatically carried out according to the calculated value of the brightness of the observed celestial body by comparing it with one or more pre-recorded threshold values or with one or more pre-recorded threshold magnitude ranges.
5 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
acquiring an image of a first celestial body of first nature and of a second celestial body of second nature by the matrix of optical sensors, the image of each celestial body located in a separate zone of said matrix,
generating a digital representation of the acquired image,
analyzing the digital representation to determine the first nature of the first celestial body and the second nature of the second celestial body,
automatically selecting the first optical sensor configuration in the zone of the matrix where the image of the first nature celestial body is located and the second optical sensor configuration in the zone of said matrix where the image of the second second-nature celestial body is located, said configurations selected simultaneously.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
recording, in a database, records of celestial bodies, each record associated with an optical sensor configuration as well as real-time location data of the celestial body and/or at least one characteristic element of the celestial body,
selecting, in the database, a celestial body record,
selecting the optical sensor configuration associated with the selected celestial body record,
automatically orienting the apparatus to the location of the celestial body, based on the location data associated with the selected record.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , further comprising:
acquiring an image of an observed celestial body in an observation scene corresponding to a portion of the celestial vault, the acquisition is carried out by one of the optical sensor configurations selected according to the nature of said celestial body,
executing a computer process configured to detect the movement of another celestial body in the observation scene,
selecting the other optical sensor configuration corresponding to said other celestial body.
8 . The method according to claim 1 , comprising:
recording, in a database, records of celestial bodies, each record associated with one of the optical sensor configurations and at least one characteristic element of the celestial body,
acquiring an image of a celestial body, the acquisition is carried out by one of the optical sensor configurations,
executing a computer recognition process configured to detect, in the acquired image, at least one characteristic element of said celestial body,
identifying, in the database, a celestial body record associated with a characteristic element similar to that detected,
selecting the optical sensor configuration associated with the identified record,
when the optical sensor configuration having acquired the image does not correspond to the selected optical sensor configuration, then selecting the latter sensor configuration.
9 . An apparatus for acquiring images of a celestial bod, comprising:
a hollow body inside which, in use, light rays coming from at least one observed celestial body, said observed celestial body chosen from among at least one first celestial body of a first nature and one second celestial body of a second nature, the nature of the first celestial body being different from the nature of the second celestial body,
an optical system arranged in the hollow body and having an optical axis, the system is configured such that the light rays form, in an image focus located in a focal plane, an image of the observed celestial body,
a matrix of optical sensors, arranged in the image focus, consisting of a plurality n of unit pixels P 1 ,
wherein the apparatus comprises:
a first optical sensor configuration of the matrix to acquire the image of the first celestial body of first nature, said first configuration having the plurality n of unit pixels P 1 , n being a natural integer,
defining at least one second optical sensor configuration of the matrix to acquire the image of the second celestial body of second nature, said second configuration having a plurality m 2 of macro-pixels P 2 formed by groupings of unit pixels P 1 , m 2 being a natural integer,
a processing unit suitable for selecting one of the optical sensor configurations to acquire the image of the celestial body formed in the image focus, the selection of the optical sensor configuration carried out according to the nature of the observed celestial body, either the abovementioned first celestial body of first nature or the abovementioned second celestial body of second nature,
wherein the macro-pixels P 2 have the same shape within the second optical sensor configuration, and
wherein the processing unit is configured for simultaneously selecting the first optical sensor configuration in a zone of the matrix where the image of a first celestial body of first nature is located and the second optical sensor configuration in a zone of said matrix where the image of a second celestial body of second nature is located.
10 . The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the macro-pixels P 2 have different shapes within the second optical sensor configuration.
11 . The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the processing unit is configured for simultaneously selecting the first optical sensor configuration in a zone of the matrix where the image of a first celestial body of first nature is located and the second optical sensor configuration in a zone of said matrix where the image of a second celestial body of second nature is located.
12 . The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the processing unit is configured for simultaneously selecting the first optical sensor configuration in a zone of the matrix where the image of a first celestial body of first nature is located and the second optical sensor configuration in a zone of said matrix where the image of a second celestial body of second nature is located.
13 . The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein:
each unit pixel P 1 delivers a signal representative of a light intensity received, and the matrix integrates a summator circuit suitable for summing the signals generated by the unit pixels P 1 of a macro-pixel P 2 such that the signals delivered by said unit pixels of a macro-pixel P 2 are considered as one single overall signal to be processed by the processing unit.
14 . The apparatus according to claim 9 , presented in the form of a telescope.