Reinforced exhaust treatment article, exhaust line, and methods
An exhaust treatment apparatus for treating exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust line housing from an upstream location to a downstream location in a downstream direction, the exhaust treatment apparatus comprising a ceramic filter body having a honeycomb structure of a plurality of intersecting porous ceramic walls extending from a first end to a second end in an axial direction and defining a plurality of channels extending in the axial direction, wherein a first transverse face at the first end comprises metal oxide particles affixed to a portion of the intersecting walls. The metal oxide particles may be affixed to the upstream end, or the downstream end, or both the upstream and downstream ends. Preferably the metal oxide particles provide reinforcement to the underlying portion of the walls, and of the honeycomb structure itself.
1. A method of reinforcing a ceramic body comprising a honeycomb structure comprised of a plurality of intersecting walls extending from a first end to a second end in an axial direction, the plurality of intersecting walls defining a plurality of channels extending in the axial direction, the method comprising:
applying an alumina particle mixture to the first end and the second end of the honeycomb structure, the alumina particle mixture comprising alumina particles including boehmite nanoparticles and gamma alumina microparticles;
heating the honeycomb structure for a time and at one or more temperatures sufficient to convert at least some of the boehmite nanoparticles on the honeycomb structure into gamma alumina nanoparticles.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the gamma alumina microparticles provide a reinforced first end of the honeycomb structure.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alumina particle mixture is applied to a depth into the honeycomb structure of at least 0.01 inches but not exceeding 2.0 inches from a first transverse face at the first end.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alumina particle mixture is applied to a depth into the honeycomb structure of at least 0.5 inches but not exceeding 1.0 inches from a first transverse face at the first end.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alumina particles are present at an alumina particle density of 10-300 grams per liter of honeycomb structure in contact with the alumina particles.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the alumina particles are present at an alumina particle density of 40-200 grams per liter of the honeycomb structure in contact with the alumina particles.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein greater than 90% of the alumina particles are gamma alumina particles after the heating.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein 100% of the alumina particles are gamma alumina particles after the heating.
9. A method of reinforcing a ceramic body comprising a honeycomb structure extending from a first end of the ceramic body to a second end of the ceramic body in an axial direction, the honeycomb structure comprising a plurality of intersecting porous ceramic walls defining a plurality of channels extending in the axial direction, the honeycomb structure further comprising a first portion at the first end, a second portion at the second end, and a middle portion between the first portion and the second portion, the method comprising:
applying an alumina particle mixture to the first portion, but not the middle portion, the alumina particle mixture comprising alumina particles including a first distribution of alumina nanoparticles with a median particle size in a range from 10 nm to 50 nm, and a second distribution of alumina microparticles with a median particle size in a range from 0.1 μm to 20 μm, the first distribution comprising boehmite nanoparticles and the second distribution comprising gamma alumina microparticles;
heating the ceramic body for a time and at one or more temperatures sufficient to convert at least some of the boehmite nanoparticles into gamma alumina nanoparticles.
10. The method of claim 9 , further comprising coating the second portion with the alumina particle mixture prior to the heating.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alumina particles are free of a HC oxidation catalyst material or a NO oxidation catalyst material.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alumina particle mixture is applied to a depth into the honeycomb structure of at least 0.01 inches but not exceeding 2.0 inches from a first transverse face of the honeycomb structure at the first end.
13. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alumina particle mixture is applied to a depth into the honeycomb structure of at least 0.5 inches but not exceeding 1.0 inches from a first transverse face of the honeycomb structure at the first end.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alumina particles are present at an alumina particle density of 10-300 grams per liter of honeycomb structure in contact with the alumina particles.
15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the alumina particles are present at an alumina particle density of 40-200 grams per liter of the honeycomb structure in contact with the alumina particles.
16. The method of claim 9 , wherein at least 90% of the alumina particles are gamma alumina particles after the heating.
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein 100% of the alumina particles are gamma alumina particles after the heating.
18. A reinforced ceramic body made by the method of claim 9 .