System and method for vertical power delivery to electronic systems
According to various embodiments, a power converter circuit is disclosed. The power converter circuit includes at least two vertically stacked printed circuit boards (PCBs) comprising a top PCB and a bottom PCB. The power converter circuit further includes at least one multiphase coupled inductor placed between the top PCB and the bottom PCB. The top PCB is coupled to the bottom PCB via at least one conductive winding of the multiphase coupled inductor. The power converter circuit further includes at least one circuit module placed above the top PCB and at least one power source placed below the bottom PCB. The multiphase coupled inductor is configured to deliver current vertically from the bottom PCB to the top PCB.
1. A power converter circuit comprising:
at least two vertically stacked printed circuit boards (PCBs) comprising a top PCB and a bottom PCB;
at least one multiphase coupled inductor placed between the top PCB and the bottom PCB, the top PCB being coupled to the bottom PCB via at least one conductive winding of the multiphase coupled inductor;
at least one circuit module placed above the top PCB; and
at least one power source placed below the bottom PCB; the multiphase coupled inductor configured to deliver current vertically from the bottom PCB to the top PCB;
wherein the multiphase coupled inductor comprises a magnetic core having a plurality of uniform magnetic paths with about equal reluctance and an additional magnetic path with a different reluctance.
2. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , further comprising at least one switching device placed between the bottom PCB and the multiphase coupled inductor.
3. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , further comprising at least one cooling channel placed between the top PCB and the bottom PCB.
4. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , further comprising at least one output capacitor placed between the top PCB and the multiphase coupled inductor.
5. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , wherein the power source comprises a plurality of capacitors, and/or wherein the circuit module comprises a plurality of semiconductor devices.
6. The power converter circuit of claim 1
wherein the at least one conductive winding comprises a plurality of conductive windings, the number of conductive windings being equal to the number of uniform magnetic paths,
wherein reluctances of the plurality of uniform magnetic paths are substantially smaller than a reluctance of the additional magnetic path,
wherein the additional magnetic path is placed symmetrically between the plurality of uniform magnetic paths,
wherein a reluctance of the additional magnetic path is programmed with a wire, and/or
wherein at least one of the magnetic paths comprises at least one air gap.
7. The power converter circuit of claim 1 ,
wherein the magnetic core is implemented as one of ferrites and powdered iron,
wherein the magnetic core has a plurality of magnetic paths and a programmable magnetic path, the programmable magnetic path being implemented with a material different from the plurality of magnetic paths,
wherein the magnetic core is a unitary piece,
wherein the magnetic core comprises a center leg having a hole therethrough containing a wire, a current of the wire being adjustable, and/or
wherein the magnetic core has one of a cubic and cylindrical shape.
8. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic core comprises two identical magnetic pieces, each piece having a plurality of symmetric side legs.
9. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , wherein the magnetic core comprises a first magnetic piece having a plurality of symmetric side legs and a second magnetic piece being a flat plate.
10. The power converter circuit of claim 1 ,
wherein the conductive winding is implemented as copper-alloy, and/or
wherein the conductive winding is one of a half-turn winding and single-turn winding, or
wherein a topology of the power converter circuit is a multiphase buck converter with interleaved operation.
11. The power converter circuit of claim 1 , further comprising an output supplying an output voltage lower than 1.5 V, an output supplying an output current higher than 100 A, and/or an input coupled to a 40 V-60 V voltage source.
12. The power converter device of claim 1 , wherein the at least one multiphase coupled inductor includes a top plate and a bottom plate, the top plate being rotated circumferentially relative to the bottom plate.
13. The power converter circuit of claim 3 , wherein the at least one cooling channel is implemented as one of immersion cooling and air cooling.
14. The power converter circuit of claim 8 , wherein each piece further comprises a center leg.
15. The power converter circuit of claim 9 , wherein the first magnetic piece further comprises a center leg.
16. A method for fabricating a power converter circuit, the method comprising:
vertically stacking at least two printed circuit boards (PCBs), the PCBs comprising a top PCB and a bottom PCB;
placing at least one multiphase coupled inductor between the top PCB and the bottom PCB, wherein the multiphase coupled inductor comprises a magnetic core having a plurality of uniform magnetic paths with about equal reluctance and an additional magnetic path with a different reluctance;
coupling the top PCB to bottom PCB via at least one conductive winding of the multiphase coupled inductor;
placing at least one circuit module above the top PCB; placing at least one power source below the bottom PCB; and
configuring the multiphase coupled inductor to deliver current vertically from the bottom PCB to the top PCB.
17. The method of claim 16 , further comprising
placing at least one switching device between the bottom PCB and the multiphase coupled inductor;
placing at least one cooling channel between the top PCB and the bottom PCB; and/or
placing at least one output capacitor between the top PCB and the multiphase coupled inductor.