Increasing and measuring filtration efficiency of a honeycomb body
Apparatus and methods are disclosed which apply inorganic particles to a plugged honeycomb body comprising porous walls, an inlet end and an outlet end. The apparatus comprises a particle counter and the method comprises counting a selected portion of the inorganic particles from a first sampling port upstream from the plugged honeycomb body and a second sampling port downstream from the plugged honeycomb body. The selected portion of the inorganic particles are in a preselected inorganic particle size range. Filtration efficiency can be determined while inorganic particles are being deposited, for example to increase filtration efficiency.
1. A method of increasing a filtration efficiency of a porous honeycomb filter comprised of a plugged honeycomb body comprising porous walls, an inlet end and an outlet end, the method comprising:
flowing an inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body;
counting an inlet number of a selected portion of the inorganic particles entering the plugged honeycomb body;
counting an exit number of a selected portion of the inorganic particles exiting the plugged honeycomb body in an outlet flow;
wherein inorganic particles which enter the plugged honeycomb body without exiting the plugged honeycomb body are deposited onto and/or into the porous walls of the honeycomb body, thereby increasing a filtration efficiency of the plugged honeycomb body as deposition continues;
determining a filtration efficiency of the plugged honeycomb body with the deposited particles based on the inlet number and the outlet number; and
terminating the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body based on the determined filtration efficiency.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the selected portion for the counting of the inlet number is in a preselected inorganic particle size range.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the selected portion for the counting of the outlet number is in a preselected inorganic particle size range.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the preselected inorganic particle size range is the same for the selected portions for the counting of the inlet number and the outlet number.
5. The method of claim 2 wherein the preselected inorganic particle size range is in a range of from 0.1 μm to 10 μm.
6. The method of claim 2 wherein the preselected inorganic particle size range is in a range of from 0.1 μm to 1 μm.
7. The method of claim 2 wherein the preselected inorganic particle size range is in a range of from 0.1 μm to 0.5 μm.
8. The method of claim 2 wherein the preselected inorganic particle size range is in a range of from 0.3 μm to 0.5 μm.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein the counting is performed with a particle counter.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the particle counter comprises an optical spectrometer.
11. The method of claim 9 wherein the particle counter comprises an engine exhaust particle sizer spectrometer.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein the inlet number is obtained from a diluted portion of the inlet flow which is directed into a particle counter.
13. The method of claim 12 wherein the diluted portion has a gas to particle ratio in a range of 20:1 to 100:1.
14. The method of claim 12 wherein the diluted portion has a gas to particle ratio in a range of 70:1 to 100:1.
15. The method of claim 1 wherein the terminating further comprises terminating the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body after the filtration efficiency has reached a target filtration efficiency.
16. The method of claim 1 wherein the terminating further comprises terminating the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body after the filtration efficiency has failed to reach a target filtration efficiency within a target deposition time.
17. The method of claim 1 wherein the terminating further comprises terminating the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body if the exit number exceeds a maximum exit number.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the terminating further comprises terminating the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body if the exit number exceeds a maximum exit number within a target deposition time.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein the plugged honeycomb body comprises inorganic particles deposited in and/or on the porous walls prior to initiation of the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body, wherein the flowing of the inlet flow increases the amount of inorganic particles trapped by the plugged honeycomb body.
20. The method of claim 1 wherein the plugged honeycomb body is free of inorganic particles deposited in and/or on the porous walls prior to initiation of the flowing of the inlet flow of inorganic particles into the inlet end of the plugged honeycomb body, wherein the flowing of the inlet flow introduces the inorganic particles to the plugged honeycomb body.