Heat pipes having wick structures with variable permeability
A heat pipe is provided having a hollow body defining an interior vapor space, evaporator and condenser regions, a wick structure lining an inner wall of the hollow body, and a working fluid disposed in the hollow body, wherein a path for the working fluid in liquid state extends from the condenser region toward the evaporator region or wherein the wick structure extends along a direction from a first end of the hollow body toward the second end, and wherein the wick structure includes first and second regions that extend along the path or direction and that each have wick particles defining respective pore sizes that are different from one another.
1. A heat pipe comprising:
a first end and a second opposite end, wherein the first end and the second end together define an interior vapor space having an interior evaporator region and an interior condenser region, wherein the heat pipe includes an inner wall that extends from the first end to the second end along a direction, wherein the evaporator region has a length along the direction and the condenser region has a length along the direction; and
a wick structure disposed adjacent the inner wall and extending along the direction from the first end toward the second end, the wick structure including a first wick structure region proximate the interior evaporator region that extends along the direction, the first wick structure region having wick particles defining a substantially common first pore size, the wick structure including a second wick structure region that extends from the first wick structure region along the direction, the second wick structure region having wick particles defining a substantially common second pore size that is different from the substantially common first pore size, and
wherein the wick structure includes a third wick structure region proximate the interior condenser region that extends from the second wick structure region along the direction and has wick particles defining a substantially common third pore size that is different from both the substantially common first pore size and the substantially common second pore size, wherein the first wick structure region has a first length along the direction, the second wick structure region has a second length along the direction, and the third wick structure region has a third length along the direction,
wherein the third length is different from the length of the interior condenser region and the first length is different from the length of the interior evaporator region, and
wherein the third length, the second length, and the first length are different from each other.
2. The heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the third length is greater than the second length and the second length is greater than the first length, and wherein the third pore size is larger than the second pore size and the second pore size is larger than the first pore size.
3. The heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the third length is greater than the length of the interior condenser region and the first length is greater than the length of the interior evaporator region.
4. The heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the wick structure further comprises a fourth wick structure region that extends from the third wick structure region in the direction such that the fourth wick structure region is proximate the interior condenser region and has wick particles defining a fourth pore size that is greater than the second pore size and the third pore size.
5. The heat pipe of claim 1 , wherein the third length is less than the length of the interior condenser region and the first length is less than the length of the interior evaporator region.
6. A heat pipe comprising:
a body defining an interior vapor space, the body having a first end that defines an interior evaporator region and a second opposite end that defines an interior condenser region; and
a wick structure extending between the first and second ends of the body, the wick structure lining an inner wall of the body and defining a path for working fluid between the interior condenser region and the interior evaporator region, wherein the wick structure includes a first region that extends along the path, the first region having a substantially common first fluid permeability, the wick structure including a second region that extends from the first wick structure region along the path, the second wick structure region having a substantially common second fluid permeability that is different from the first fluid permeability, and
wherein the wick structure includes a third wick structure region that extends from the second wick structure region along the path and has a substantially common third fluid permeability that is different from both the first fluid permeability and the second fluid permeability, wherein the first wick structure region has a first length along the path, the second wick structure region has a second length along the path, and the third wick structure region has a third length along the path, wherein the third length is greater than the second length and the second length is greater than the first length.
7. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein the first fluid permeability is lower than the second fluid permeability and the second fluid permeability is lower than the third fluid permeability.
8. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein a ratio of the second length to the first length is at least 1.5:1.
9. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein a ratio of the third length to the second length is at least 1.5:1.
10. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein the interior evaporator region has a fourth length along the path that is less than the first length and the interior condenser region has a fifth length along the path that is less than the third length.
11. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein the interior evaporator region has a fourth length along the path that is greater than the first length and the interior condenser region has a fifth length along the path that is greater than the third length.
12. A heat pipe comprising:
a hollow body defining an interior vapor space, the hollow body having an interior evaporator region, an interior condenser region, and an intermediate region disposed between the interior evaporator region and the interior condenser region along a length of the hollow body;
a wick structure coupled to an inner wall of the hollow body; and
a working fluid disposed within the hollow body, wherein when heat is applied to the working fluid at the interior evaporator region the working fluid is configured to evaporate into a vapor state, pass through the interior vapor space in the vapor state in a first direction from the evaporator region to the interior condenser region, condense back to a liquid state from the vapor state at the condenser region, and return from the interior condenser region to the interior evaporator region through the wick structure in the liquid state, such that along the intermediate region the condensed liquid working fluid moves in a second direction through the wick structure;
wherein the wick structure includes a first wick structure region having a first length along the first direction and having wick particles defining a substantially common first pore size, a second wick structure region having a second length along the first direction, the second wick structure region extending from the first wick structure region along the first direction, and a third wick structure region having a third length along the first direction, the third wick structure region extending from the second wick structure region along the first direction, wherein the third length is greater than the second length and the second length is greater than the first length, wherein the second wick structure region has wick particles defining a substantially common second pore size that is different from the first pore size, and wherein the third wick structure region has wick particles defining a substantially common third pore size that is different from the first pore size and the second pore size.
13. The heat pipe of claim 6 , wherein the heat pipe defines a direction that extends from the first end of the body toward the second end of the body, wherein the second wick structure region extends from the first wick structure region along the direction, and wherein the third wick structure region extends from the second wick structure region along the direction.