Materials and methods for producing hybrid diploid potato
Provided herein are materials and methods for producing diploid, fertile, uniform, and vigorous hybrid potato. Also provided are methods of using advanced breeding methods, such as genome design, to generate potato inbred lines with high homozygosity which enables the exploitation of heterosis in this tuber crop and transforms potato breeding from a slow, non-accumulative mode into a fast-iterative one.
1. An inbred diploid potato line, wherein the inbred diploid potato line is fertile, has at least 85% of genome homozygosity, and has self-compatibility conferred by (a) a low-expressed S-RNase allele S S11 as found in potato clone “A6-10”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202204, or (b) a S-locus inhibitor (Sli) gene as found in potato clone “E4-63” or “E4-64”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202212 and P202220, respectively.
2. The inbred diploid potato line of claim 1 , wherein the inbred diploid potato line comprises at least one agronomically desired trait selected from the group consisting of strong growth vigor, high yield, improved nutritional value, insect tolerance, nematode resistance, disease resistance, herbicide tolerance, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, wet tolerance, tolerance to dry and wet rot, salinity tolerance, and cold-sweetening resistance.
3. The inbred diploid potato line of claim 1 , wherein the inbred diploid potato line produces tubers having a carotenoid content of: (a) at least 40 mg/kg dry-weight and/or (b) a dry matter percentage of at least 20%.
4. A plant, seed, tuber, or plant part of the inbred diploid potato line of claim 1 .
5. A method for producing F 1 hybrid potato seed, comprising:
(a) obtaining a first self-compatible diploid potato plant, wherein self-compatibility in the first self-compatible diploid potato plant is conferred by (i) a low-expressed S-RNase allele S S11 as found in potato clone “A6-10”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202204, or (ii) a S-locus inhibitor (Sli) gene as found in potato clone “E4-63” or “E4-64”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202212 and P202220, respectively and a second self-compatible diploid potato plant;
(b) selfing the first self-compatible diploid potato plant to obtain a first progeny population and selfing the second self-compatible diploid potato plant to obtain a second progeny population;
(c) selecting from the first and second progeny populations one or more progeny potato plants having genome homozygosity of at least 60%;
(d) repeating steps (b) to (c) 2 to 4 times on the selected progeny plant in each of the first and second progeny populations to obtain inbred potato lines having at least 90% of genome homozygosity; and
(e) generating F 1 hybrid potato seed by crossing an inbred line from the first progeny population and an inbred line from the second progeny population.
6. A method for producing F 1 hybrid potato seed, comprising:
(a) obtaining a first self-compatible diploid potato clone, wherein self-compatibility in the first self-compatible diploid potato clone is conferred by (a) a low-expressed S-RNase allele S S11 as found in potato clone “A6-10”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202204, or (b) a S-locus inhibitor (Sli) gene as found in potato clone “E4-63” or “E4-64”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202212 and P202220, respectively and a second self-compatible diploid potato clone;
(b) selfing the first self-compatible diploid potato clone to obtain a first progeny population and selfing the second self-compatible diploid potato clone to obtain a second progeny population;
(c) performing genetic analysis on the first and second progeny populations to identify (i) one or more deleterious mutations selected from the group consisting of yellow leaf 1 (yl1) that leads to leaf yellowing, floral bud abortion 1 (fba1) that leads to abortion of floral buds before flowering, and large-effect deleterious mutation 1 (led1) that negatively impacts the survival of homozygotes; and
(ii) one or more beneficial alleles selected from the group consisting of an S-RNase S11 (S S11 ) allele for self-compatibility, a Yellow Leaf 1 (YL1) allele for normal leaves, a Floral Bud Abortion 1 (FBA1) allele for fertility, and a Yellow (Y) allele for yellow tuber flesh in the genomes of the progeny populations;
(d) using genome-assisted selection to select progeny lines having fewer of the deleterious mutations and more of the beneficial alleles in each of the first and second progeny populations;
(e) repeating steps (b) to (d) 2 to 4 times on the selected progeny lines in each of the first and second progeny populations to obtain inbred potato lines having at least 90% of genome homozygosity; and
(f) generating F 1 hybrid potato seed by crossing an inbred line from the first progeny population and an inbred line from the second progeny population.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the method further comprises a genetic analysis of genome-wide segregation distortions (SDs) in the progeny populations.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein the genome-assisted selection comprises reducing the number of the deleterious mutations, breaking tight linkage of the deleterious mutations, and/or stacking the beneficial alleles in the genome.
9. A method for producing a hybrid potato seed, the method comprising crossing a first potato plant with a second potato plant and harvesting a hybrid potato seed resulting from the cross, wherein the first potato plant or the second potato plant is derived from the inbred diploid potato line of claim 1 .
10. A method for producing a hybrid potato plant, the method comprising producing a seed according to the method of claim 9 , and growing the seed into a potato plant.
11. The method of claim 10 , the method comprising:
(a) providing a first potato plant, wherein the first potato plant is a plant of potato line “A6-10”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202204;
(b) providing a second potato plant, wherein the second potato plant is a plant of potato line “E4-63” or “E4-64”, representative seeds of which having been deposited with CCTCC under accession number P202212 and P202220, respectively; and
(c) cross-pollinating the first potato plant and the second potato plant to provide seeds and collecting the seeds to thereby provide a hybrid potato line.