Protective bellows having an electrical circuit and covering for a mechanical joint

1. A bellows, intended to cover a mechanical joint, the bellows comprising a cylindrical and corrugated side wall, extending about a longitudinal axis, the side wall comprising:

an alternation of crests and of troughs, forming corrugations, each corrugation being formed by two crests extending on either side of one and the same trough, the crests being closer to the longitudinal axis than the trough;

flanks, each flank extending between a crest and a trough, each corrugation comprising a first flank and a second flank that are opposite, separated by a same trough;

wherein the side wall is flexible, such that two adjacent crests and/or two adjacent troughs can converge or move apart from one another, in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis;

wherein the bellows comprises an elementary electrical circuit associated with a corrugation, or a plurality of elementary electrical circuits, respectively associated with different corrugations, the or each elementary electrical circuit comprising:

a first conductive element extending along either the first flank or the second flank along an inner face of the side wall, a second conductive element extending along either the first flank or the second flank along the inner face of the side wall, the first conductive element being separated from the second conductive element;

a first conductive track and a second conductive track, linked respectively to the first conductive element and to the second conductive element;

the or each elementary electrical circuit being such that:

the first conductive track and the second conductive track are connected, or configured to be connected, to a detector of closure of the elementary electrical circuit, such that when an electrically conductive liquid extends from the first conductive element to the second conductive element, the closure of the elementary electrical circuit is detected.

2. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one elementary electrical circuit associated with a corrugation is such that

the first conductive element extends along the first flank of the corrugation;

the second conductive element extends along the second flank of the corrugation, opposite the first flank;

the second conductive element and/or the first conductive element extends at a non-zero distance from the trough of the corrugation.

3. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one elementary electrical circuit associated with a corrugation is such that the first conductive element and the second conductive element extend along a same flank of the corrugation.

4. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the closure detector connected to the or each elementary electrical circuit is configured to:

inject an electrical current into the elementary electrical circuit and measure a potential difference between the conductive tracks of the elementary electrical circuit;

or submit a potential difference between the conductive tracks of the elementary electrical circuit and measure an intensity of a current flowing in the elementary electrical circuit.

5. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , comprising several elementary electrical circuits and wherein at least one crest, situated between two adjacent corrugations, is such that a conductive element extends on either side of the crest, the conductive element forming:

a first conductive element of a corrugation adjacent to the crest;

a second conductive element of the other corrugation adjacent to the crest.

6. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conductive tracks of at least one elementary electrical circuit extend, at least partly, along the longitudinal axis, to the detector of closure of the elementary electrical circuit, in an internal space delimited by the side wall, the detector of closure of the elementary electrical circuit being situated in the internal space or outside of the internal space.

7. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the conductive tracks of at least one elementary electrical circuit extend, at least partly, outside of an internal space, delimited by the side wall, to the detector of closure of the elementary electrical circuit, the latter being situated outside of the internal space.

8. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the side wall extends, along the longitudinal axis, between two ends, an aperture being formed at each end, about the longitudinal axis, so as to allow an insertion of a component into the bellows.

9. The use of a bellows as claimed in claim 1 , to protect a joint between two components that are movable with respect to one another, each component being, at least partly, inserted into the bellows.

10. A method for detecting the presence of a conductive liquid in a bellows as claimed in claim 1 , the method comprising:

connecting the conductive tracks of an elementary circuit to a detector of closure of said elementary circuit;

when the detector of closure of the elementary circuit generates a signal representative of a closure, generating an alert signal.

11. The bellows as claimed in claim 1 , wherein, in the or each elementary electrical circuit, a conductive track extends from an outer face of the side wall, an electrical link between the conductive track and a conductive element being made through the side wall.

12. The bellows as claimed in claim 11 , wherein the electrical link is made, through the side wall, by capacitive coupling.