Manufacturing method for radio-frequency cavity resonators and corresponding resonator
A method of manufacturing a radio frequency cavity resonator, wherein said radio frequency cavity resonator comprises a tubular structure extending along a longitudinal axis, said tubular structure comprising a circumferential wall structure surrounding said longitudinal axis, one or more tubular elements and a first and a second support structure associated with each of said tubular elements, wherein said first and second support structures are provided on opposite sides of each tubular element and extend radially along a diameter of the tubular structure, wherein the method comprises producing the resonator by additive manufacturing in a manufacturing direction that is parallel to said diameter.
1 . A method of manufacturing a radio frequency cavity resonator, wherein said radio frequency cavity resonator comprises:
a tubular structure extending along a longitudinal axis, said tubular structure comprising a circumferential wall structure surrounding said longitudinal axis;
one or more tubular elements arranged within said tubular structure, each having a bore and arranged such that the respective bore is aligned with said longitudinal axis of said tubular structure; and
a first and a second support structure associated with each of said tubular elements, wherein said first and second support structures are provided on opposite sides of each tubular element and include one or more edges which extend radially along a diameter of the tubular structure between the tubular element and a corresponding one of two opposite wall structure portions of said tubular structure, wherein:
the method comprises producing the entire resonator, or at least longitudinal sections thereof that are subsequently assembled to form the resonator, by additive manufacturing in a manufacturing direction that is parallel to said diameter, wherein said first support structure is produced first and said second support structure is produced thereafter;
said additive manufacturing comprises forming said support structures such that:
in a cross-sectional plane that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and includes the diameter, the width of at least said second support structure increases in radially outward direction, wherein in this cross-sectional plane, said width is the width in a direction perpendicular to the diameter of the tubular structure and such that in said cross-sectional plane, the edges of said second support structure have an average angle α with respect to the diameter that is at least 25°; and
in a longitudinal sectional plane that includes the longitudinal axis and the diameter, at least said second support structure is formed to have a radially outer portion, in which the width increases in radially outward direction, wherein in this longitudinal sectional plane, said width is the width in longitudinal direction.
2 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane that includes the longitudinal axis and the diameter, at least one of said support structures has a middle portion in which the width of said support structure assumes its minimum value, wherein in this longitudinal sectional plane, said width is the width in longitudinal direction.
3 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane that includes the longitudinal axis and the diameter, at least said first support structure has a radially inner portion, in which the width increases in radially inward direction, wherein in this longitudinal sectional plane, said width is the width in longitudinal direction.
4 . The method of claim 1 , wherein at the radially outward end of the radially outer portion of at least said second support structure, where the second support structure reaches said circumferential wall of said tubular structure, the longitudinal width is such that an adjacent support structure associated with an adjacent tubular element in the finished resonator touch each other or are less than 5 mm apart from each other.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a continuous transition is formed between the radially outward ends of the radially outer portions of at least adjacent second support structures, wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane, the transition forms a transition edge, and wherein the radius of curvature of said transition edge at the position where the tangent is parallel to the longitudinal axis is 8 mm or less.
6 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said cross-sectional plane, the edges of at least said second support structure have an average angle α with respect to the diameter that is at most 60°.
7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said cross-sectional plane, the edges of one or both of said first and second support structures are straight along at least 70% of their length.
8 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane the minimum value of the width of one or both of said first and second support structures is less than 40% of the longitudinal length of the corresponding tubular element.
9 . The method of claim 3 , wherein the radial length of said radially outer portion of one or both of said first and second support structures is longer than the radial length of their respective radially inner portion.
10 . The method of claim 3 , wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane, the edges of the radially inner portions of one or both of said first and second support structures are straight or concave.
11 . The method of claim 1 , wherein in said longitudinal sectional plane, the edges of the radially outer portions of one or both of said first and second support structures are straight or convex.
12 . The method of claim 1 , wherein a duct for carrying cooling fluid is formed in said support structures.
13 . The method of claim 12 , wherein the ducts of two support structures associated with a same tubular element are connected with each other, and wherein each of said support structures comprises a first duct and a second duct, wherein the first ducts and the second ducts of the support structures are connected with each other via a first cavity and a second cavity provided in said tubular element, respectively, wherein said first and second cavities are arranged on opposite sides of said bore.
14 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said resonator is made from high purity copper having a copper content of 99.9% or more.
15 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said resonator has between 3 and 10 tubular elements.
16 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said resonator is a resonator for or in a drift-tube linear accelerator (DTL), a side coupled DTL, a coupled cavity DTL, a coupled cavity linear accelerator or a buncher.
17 . The method of claim 1 , wherein said additive manufacturing is based on one of electron beam melting, selective laser sintering, and selective laser melting.