Method for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into an FBE polymer matrix in solid phase, product and use
The present technology relates to an efficient process of mixing, dispersing and integrating reduced graphene oxide (RGO) or carbon nanomaterials or nanostructured materials to the epoxy matrix of the “fusion-bonded epoxy” (FBE) type. The polymeric material consists of a mixture of the solid epoxy particulate with a curing agent, catalyst, pigments and inorganic additives. It allows to integrate nanometric particulate additives in FBE, using FBE in solid state. Powder FBE+RGO system mixes are produced by means of a planetary ball mill or high energy planetary ball mill with internal addition of balls, with time and rotation control. The mixtures show little or no sign of RGO aggregation after application of the composite as a coating on metals. The mixture of FBE+RGO can be applied to metallic surfaces to protect against abrasive processes and corrosion without compromising the properties presented by FBE applied without nanomaterials. There were increases of up to 11% in abrasion resistance, improvement in the material's resistance to accelerated tests, such as immersion in a hot water bath, and a significant increase in adherence, of approximately 100% after the hot bath immersion test.
1. A process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, comprising:
a. producing reduced graphene oxide (RGO);
b. sieving the RGO obtained in step “a”;
c. incorporating the RGO produced in step “a” into a fusion-bonded epoxy polymer matrix (FBE) in powder form, with a ratio of 1 g/kg to 10 g/kg of RGO in relation to the FBE, using a planetary ball mill or high energy planetary ball mill, for a period of time of 1 to 10 minutes, with speed between 200 and 2000 rpm.
2. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 1 , step “a”, wherein the RGO is produced through a thermal reduction of graphene oxide (GO) in an oven or heating oven by a period of time between 10 and 100 minutes, at an internal temperature of the oven between 120° C. and 200° C.
3. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 1 , step “a”, wherein the RGO is produced via reduction and thermal expansion of graphite oxide (GRO) in a microwave oven by a period of time between 1 and 5 minutes, using an oven heating power between 50 and 100%.
4. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 2 , wherein the graphene oxide to be reduced may present an oxidation degree between 25 and 50%, evaluated by mass loss between 10° and 400° C. in thermogravimetric analysis with synthetic air atmosphere.
5. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 2 , wherein the reduction of graphene oxide via thermal reduction in an oven (RGO-RT) presents an oxidation degree between 6 and 13%, evaluated by mass loss between 10° and 400° C. in thermogravimetric analysis with synthetic air atmosphere.
6. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 3 , wherein the graphite oxide to be reduced and expanded may present an oxidation degree between 25 and 50%, evaluated by mass loss between 10° and 400° C. in thermogravimetric analysis with synthetic air atmosphere.
7. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 3 , wherein the reduction of graphene oxide via reduction and thermal expansion in microwave oven (RGO-ET) presents an oxidation degree between 6 and 13%, evaluated by the loss of mass between 10° and 400° C. in thermogravimetric analysis with a synthetic air atmosphere.
8. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 1 , wherein step “c” is carried out by using a system composed of a set of balls with a diameter between 5 and 10 mm and balls with a diameter between 10 and 20 mm.
9. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 8 , wherein the number of balls with a diameter between 5 and 10 mm is 1.5 to 3 times greater than the number of balls with a diameter between 10 and 20 mm.
10. The process for incorporating carbon nanomaterials into a polymeric matrix, according to claim 1 , wherein step “c” is carried out by incorporating carbon nanomaterials to the polymeric matrix of FBE in powder form.
11. A composite of carbon nanomaterials incorporated into a polymeric matrix obtained by the process defined in claim 1 , wherein the fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) is nanomodified by dispersion of reduced graphene oxide, in a proportion of 0.1% to 1.0% w/w graphene in relation to FBE.
12. A method for protecting against corrosion and abrasive processes of metal surfaces comprising applying the composite of claim 11 to metal surfaces for protection against corrosion and against abrasive processes.
13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein the composite comprises a thickness between 200 and 500 mm, and is cured for a curing time between 25 and 100 minutes, at a curing temperature between 16° and 220° C.