Systems and methods for planning seismic data acquisition with reduced environmental impact
The invention relates to systems and methods for designing seismic surveys to enable seismic data acquisition with a reduced environmental impact and lower survey costs. The methods include incorporating surface and subsurface data and associated parameters for a proposed survey area and assigning weighting values to the relative ranking of the parameters for a particular area and thereafter designing a source/receiver plan based on combined and weighted parameters.
1 . A seismic survey method comprising the steps of:
for a defined land and/or marine area:
a) obtaining two or more data sets for the defined land and/or marine area wherein each data set includes relative ranking values for sub-zones within the defined area;
b) over-layering the two or more data sets;
c) for a defined resolution of the over-layered data sets, applying a weighting factor to each relative ranking value for each data layer and summing weighted ranking values across all over-layered data sets to determine a combined weighted ranking value for the defined resolution; and
d) generating a seismic survey design having a plurality of survey geometries for the defined area, wherein a survey geometry selected from the plurality of survey geometries is applied to each sub-zone within the defined area according to the combined weighted ranking value determined for each sub-zone at the defined resolution.
2 . The method as in claim 1 further comprising a step of filtering combined weighted ranking values into two or more categories and applying a different survey geometry of the plurality of survey geometries to each category.
3 . The method as in claim 1 wherein the plurality of survey geometries is applied to correlate sub-zones having larger combined weighted ranking values to a survey geometry having less disturbance as compared to sub-zones having smaller combined weighted ranking values to a survey geometry having more disturbance.
4 . The method as in claim 3 wherein the plurality of survey geometries is applied to correlate sub-zones having larger combined weighted ranking values to a survey geometry having fewer sources and receivers as compared to sub-zones having smaller combined weighted ranking values to a survey geometry having more sources and receivers.
5 . The method as in claim 1 wherein the plurality of survey geometries is selected from survey geometries including:
a) orthogonal and separate source and receiver lines having intersecting lines between the source and receiver lines;
b) non-linear source and receiver lines having non-intersecting lines between adjacent non-linear lines; and
wherein the plurality of survey geometries are ordered from least sensitive to most sensitive.
6 . The method as in claim 1 further comprising a step of filtering the survey design to reduce complexity of transitions from one survey geometry to another.
7 . The method as in claim 6 wherein the step of filtering the survey design comprises decreasing the defined resolution.
8 . The method as in claim 1 further comprising steps of:
placing a plurality of sources and a plurality of receivers across the defined area in accordance with the generated seismic survey design; and
running a seismic survey of the defined area by operating the plurality of sources and the plurality of receivers.
9 . The method as in claim 1 wherein the step of applying a weighting factor is applied so as to apply a higher weighting factor to a higher prioritized data set and apply a lower weighting factor to a lower prioritized data set.
10 . The method of claim 9 wherein the higher prioritized data set is prioritized based on one or more of the following factors: environmental sensitivity, reduced tree cutting, cost savings, time savings, reduced animal habitat disturbance.
11 . The method as in claim 1 wherein the step of generating the seismic survey design for the defined area further includes starting with a base survey design having a conventional geometry comprising a grid covering the defined area, and then removing one or more source and receiver stations from the grid to generate the seismic survey design.
12 . The method as in claim 11 wherein the conventional geometry of the base survey design is a regular and well-sampled geometry.
13 . The method as in claim 12 wherein the regular and well-sampled geometry is selected from a group comprising: orthogonal geometry, carpet geometry, slant geometry.
14 . The method as in claim 11 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises a regular distribution of source and receiver stations.
15 . The method as in claim 14 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises source and receiver stations connected along a regular distribution of lines, the lines selected from one or more of: parallel lines, non-linear lines.
16 . The method as in claim 14 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises source and receiver stations connected along an irregular distribution of lines, the lines selected from one or more of: parallel lines, non-linear lines.
17 . The method as in claim 11 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises an irregular distribution of source and receiver stations.
18 . The method as in claim 17 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises source and receiver stations connected along a regular distribution of lines, the lines selected from one or more of: parallel lines, non-linear lines.
19 . The method as in claim 17 wherein the generated seismic survey design comprises source and receiver stations connected along an irregular distribution of lines, the lines selected from one or more of: parallel lines, non-linear lines.