Integration of oxidative dehydrogenation process with catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process
This disclosure relates to a process of converting one or more alkanes to one or more alkenes that includes providing a first stream containing one or more alkanes and oxygen to an oxidative dehydrogenation process which converts at least a portion of the one or more alkanes to one or more alkenes in an oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, a second stream exiting the oxidative dehydrogenation process comprising one or more alkanes, and one or more alkenes; and providing at least a portion of the alkanes in the second stream to a catalytic membrane dehydrogenation process containing a catalyst loaded into a catalytic dehydrogenation membrane reactor which converts at least a portion of the alkanes to the corresponding alkenes and hydrogen.
1. A process for the production of a C2-C4 alkene comprising:
i) contacting in an oxidative dehydrogenation process a feed comprising a C2-C4 alkane and oxygen with a mixed metal oxide catalyst to produce a product stream comprising an unreacted C2-C4 alkane and a corresponding C2-C4 alkene; and
ii) passing the product stream to a catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process comprising a membrane containing a group 4 element or group 5 element to dehydrogenate at least a portion of the unreacted C2-C4 alkane to produce a permeate stream comprising hydrogen and a retentate stream comprising the corresponding C2-C4 alkene that is substantially free of hydrogen.
2. The process of claim 1 , wherein the feed to the oxidative dehydrogenation process includes the C2-C4 alkane, oxygen, and a heat removal diluent gas comprised of carbon dioxide, steam, or nitrogen, or any combination thereof.
3. The process of claim 1 , wherein the oxidative dehydrogenation process includes:
i) contacting, in an oxidative dehydrogenation reactor, an oxygen containing gas and a C2-C4 alkane containing gas with an oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst to produce a product stream comprising the corresponding C2-C4 alkene and unreacted C2-C4 alkane, oxygen, carbon oxides, comprising carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, oxygenates, comprising acetic acid, ethanol, acrylic acid, or maleic acid, or any combination thereof, and water;
ii) passing the product stream from i) through a process unit or several process units which remove oxygenates and water from said product stream;
iii) passing the product stream from ii) through a process unit or several process units which remove carbon dioxide from said product stream;
iv) passing the product stream from iii) through a dryer to remove water;
v) passing the product stream from iv) through a distillation tower to separate an overhead stream comprising C1 hydrocarbons from a bottoms stream comprising the C2-C4 alkane and the C2-C4 alkene; and
vi) passing the bottom stream from v) to a catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process.
4. The process of claim 3 , wherein at step v) passing the product stream from iv) through a distillation tower to separate the overhead stream comprising C1 hydrocarbons comprises passing at least part of the overhead stream comprising C1 hydrocarbons to an oxygen membrane unit.
5. The process of claim 4 , wherein the oxygen membrane unit comprises the permeate stream and the retentate stream, and at least part of the retentate stream of the oxygen membrane unit is recycled to the oxidative dehydrogenation process.
6. The process of claim 4 , wherein producing a retentate stream comprising corresponding C2-C4 alkene that is substantially free of hydrogen comprises passing said stream to the oxygen membrane unit.
7. The process of claim 3 , wherein at step v) passing the product stream from iv) through a distillation tower to separate an overhead stream comprising C1 hydrocarbons from the bottoms stream comprises passing the bottoms stream to a C2 Splitter.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process comprises passing the retentate stream to a distillation column for separation of alkane from alkene.
9. The process of claim 3 , wherein the process unit in step ii) comprises a quench tower.
10. The process of claim 3 , wherein the several process units in step ii) comprise an air-cooled heat exchanger followed by a flash drum.
11. The process of claim 3 , wherein a process unit is added upstream of the amine wash to remove residual oxygen.
12. The process of claim 3 , wherein the process unit in step iii) comprises an amine wash unit.
13. The process of claim 12 , wherein the amine wash unit is followed by a caustic tower.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process is operated at a temperature range from about 350° C. to about 440° C.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process is operated at a temperature range from about 340° C. to about 425° C.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process is operated at a temperature range from about 325° C. to about 410° C.
17. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process is operated at a pressure range between about 10 barg to about 25 barg.
18. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process has at least about 85 mol % permeation selectivity for hydrogen.
19. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process has at least about 90 mol % permeation selectivity for hydrogen.
20. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process has at least about 95 mol % permeation selectivity for hydrogen.
21. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process is an ionic membrane.
22. The process of any of claims 1 through 21 , wherein the C2-C4 alkane comprises ethane.
23. The process of any of claims 1 through 21 , wherein the C2-C4 alkene comprises ethylene.
24. The process of claim 1 , wherein the group 4 element is selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr and Hf.
25. The process of claim 1 , wherein the group 5 element is selected from the group consisting of V, Nb and Ta.
26. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process comprises Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, or Zr, or any combination thereof.
27. The process of claim 1 , wherein the membrane in the catalytic membrane dehydrogenation reactor process comprises Nb, Ta, V, or Zr, or any combination thereof.