Enhanced channel configuration for heat exchanger to cool power electronics
A power electronics assembly includes one or more power electronics devices, and a heat exchanger to which the one or more power electronics devices are mounted. The heat exchanger includes an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold, and one or more fluid pathways extending connecting the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold, the heat exchanger configured to transfer thermal energy from the one or more power electronics devices into a flow of fluid passing through the one or more fluid pathways. Thee one or more fluid pathways include one or more internal enhancements and channel configurations to enhance thermal energy transfer by promoting boiling of the flow of fluid and to reduce the pressure drop in the pathways under a two-phase flow condition. The flow of fluid is a flow of liquid refrigerant diverted from a condenser of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system.
1 . A power electronics assembly, comprising:
one or more power electronics devices; and
a heat exchanger to which the one or more power electronics devices are mounted, the heat exchanger comprising:
an inlet manifold and an outlet manifold; and
one or more fluid pathways extending connecting the inlet manifold and the outlet manifold, the heat exchanger configured to transfer thermal energy from the one or more power electronics devices into a flow of fluid passing through the one or more fluid pathways;
wherein the one or more fluid pathways include one or more internal enhancements and channel configurations to enhance thermal energy transfer by promoting boiling of the flow of fluid and to reduce a pressure drop in the one or more fluid pathways under a two-phase flow condition;
wherein the flow of fluid is a flow of liquid refrigerant diverted from a condenser of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system;
wherein the one or more internal enhancements include one or more inclined notches formed in the one or more fluid pathways, the one or more inclined notches extending unbroken around an entire circumference of an internal perimeter of the one or more fluid pathways; and
wherein each of the one or more inclined notches has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and are oriented to extend across the fluid pathway relative to a direction of the flow of fluid along the one or more fluid pathways.
2 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more fluid pathways have a wavy shape along a length of the one or more fluid pathways.
3 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , wherein a notch of the one or more inclined notches is oriented at a notch angle of between 30 and 60 degrees relative to the flow of fluid through the one or more fluid pathways.
4 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , wherein a cross-sectional area of the one or more fluid pathways increases along a flow direction of the flow of fluid from a pathway inlet to a pathway outlet.
5 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , wherein a heat exchanger outlet has a larger cross-sectional area than a heat exchanger inlet.
6 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a wavy plate disposed in each fluid pathway of the one or more fluid pathways extending at least partially across the fluid pathway.
7 . The power electronics assembly of claim 6 , wherein the wavy plate includes a plurality of perforations along at least a partial length of the fluid pathway.
8 . The power electronics assembly of claim 7 , wherein one or more of a perforation number or perforation size of the plurality of perforations increases from a fluid pathway inlet to a fluid pathway outlet by reducing the flow restrictions along a flow direction of the flow of fluid under the two-phase flow condition.
9 . The power electronics assembly of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is formed from a first plate including a first pathway portion of the one or more fluid pathways and a second plate including a second pathway portion of the one or more fluid pathways.
10 . The power electronics assembly of claim 9 , wherein the first pathway portion is vertically offset from the second pathway portion.
11 . A method of cooling one or more power electronics devices, comprising:
securing the one or more power electronics devices to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprising one or more fluid pathways;
circulating a flow of fluid through the one or more fluid pathways to transfer thermal energy from the one or more power electronics devices to the flow of fluid passing through the one or more fluid pathways;
wherein the one or more fluid pathways include one or more internal enhancements and channel design to enhance thermal energy transfer by promoting boiling of the flow of fluid and to reduce a pressure drop in the one or more fluid pathways under a two-phase flow condition;
wherein the flow of fluid is a flow of liquid refrigerant diverted from a condenser of a heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system;
wherein the one or more internal enhancements include one or more inclined notches formed in the one or more fluid pathways, the one or more inclined notches extending unbroken around an entire circumference of an internal perimeter of the one or more fluid pathways; and
the one or more inclined notches having a rectangular cross-sectional shape and being oriented to extend across the fluid pathway relative to a direction of the flow of fluid along the one or more fluid pathways.
12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the one or more fluid pathways have a wavy shape along a length of the one or more fluid pathways.
13 . The method of claim 11 , the one or more notches are oriented at a notch angle of between 30 and 60 degrees relative to the flow of fluid through the one or more fluid pathways.
14 . The method of claim 11 , wherein a cross-sectional area of the one or more fluid pathways increases from a pathway inlet to a pathway outlet.
15 . The method of claim 11 , wherein a heat exchanger outlet has a greater cross-sectional area than a heat exchanger inlet.
16 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising a wavy plate disposed in the fluid pathway.
17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the wavy plate includes a plurality of perforations.
18 . The method of claim 17 , wherein one or more of a perforation number or perforation size of the plurality of perforations increases from a fluid pathway inlet to a fluid pathway outlet.
19 . The method of claim 11 , wherein:
the heat exchanger is formed from a first plate including a first pathway portion of the one or more fluid pathways and a second plate including a second pathway portion of the one or more fluid pathways; and
the first pathway portion is vertically offset from the second pathway portion.