Granted Patent B2

US 12,702,333 · App. 18/050,377 · Granted Aug 11, 2026

Inventors: Massi Joe E. Kiani (Laguna Niguel, CA); Hung The Vo (Fountain Valley, CA); Kevin Hughes Pauley (Lake Forest, CA); Venkatramanan Krishnamani (Irvine, CA)

Assignee: Willow Laboratories, Inc.

A61B5/1477A61B5/14532G01N27/301G01N27/3275

Abstract

Claims (35)

1 . An electrode system for an implantable electrochemical sensor, the electrode system comprising:

a substrate extending from a first end to a second end;

a bilayer working electrode comprising a first continuous layer comprising a first metallic material and a second continuous layer overlaying the first continuous layer, the second continuous layer comprising a second metallic material different from the first metallic material;

a reference electrode, the bilayer working electrode positioned closer to the first end of the substrate than the reference electrode;

a counter electrode; and

a plurality of wire parts connecting each of the bilayer working electrode, the reference electrode, and the counter electrode to a plurality of corresponding connector parts positioned proximate the second end of the substrate,

wherein the bilayer working electrode and the reference electrode are positioned on a first side of the substrate, and

wherein the counter electrode is positioned on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side of the substrate.

2 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the electrochemical sensor is a glucose sensor.

3 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the first continuous layer is about 2.5-3.5 μm and the thickness of the second continuous layer is about 80-120 Å.

4 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the reference electrode has a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 μm.

5 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the counter electrode has a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 μm.

6 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the substrate comprises two base layers.

7 . The electrode system of claim 6 , wherein at least one of the two base layers comprises polyimide (PI), polyethylene (PE), or polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

8 . The electrode system of claim 1 , further comprises a first polymer layer covering part of the bilayer working electrode and the reference electrode.

9 . The electrode system of claim 8 , wherein the first polymer layer comprises polyimide (PI).

10 . The electrode system of claim 8 , further comprises a second polymer layer covering part of the counter electrode.

11 . The electrode system of claim 10 , wherein the second polymer layer comprises polyimide (PI).

12 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein a length of the bilayer working electrode is from 1.3 to 1.5 mm.

13 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein a width of the substrate is about 0.36 mm.

14 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the first metallic material comprises gold and the second metallic material comprises platinum.

15 . The electrode system of claim 1 , wherein the counter electrode comprises gold.

16 . An implantable glucose sensor comprising:

an electrode system comprising:

a substrate extending from a first end to a second end;

a bilayer working electrode positioned on a first side of the substrate, the bilayer working electrode further comprising:

a first continuous layer comprising gold, the first continuous layer comprising a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 μm;

a second continuous layer comprising platinum, the second continuous layer comprising a thickness of about 80-120 Å;

a reference electrode positioned on the first side of the substrate, the bilayer working electrode positioned closer to the first end of the substrate than the reference electrode;

a counter electrode positioned on a second side of the substrate opposite the first side; and

a plurality of wire parts connecting each of the bilayer working electrode, the reference electrode, and the counter electrode to a plurality of corresponding connector parts positioned proximate the second end of the substrate.

17 . The glucose sensor of claim 16 , wherein the reference electrode comprises silver.

18 . The glucose sensor of claim 16 , wherein the counter electrode comprises gold.

19 . The glucose sensor of claim 16 , wherein the reference electrode has a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 μm.

20 . The glucose sensor of claim 16 , wherein the counter electrode has a thickness of about 2.5-3.5 μm.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (2)

References Cited (400)