Regulation of gene expression via aptamer-mediated control of self-cleaving ribozymes
The invention provides polynucleotide constructs for the regulation of gene expression by aptamer-based modulation of self-cleaving ribozymes and methods of using the constructs to regulate gene expression in response to the presence or absence of a ligand that binds the aptamer. The invention further provides methods for making and using riboswitches that decrease target gene expression in response to an aptamer ligand as well as riboswitches that increase target gene expression in response to an aptamer ligand.
1. A polynucleotide construct for reducing the expression of a target gene in response to an aptamer ligand, the polynucleotide construct comprising (a) the target gene coding sequence flanked by a 5′ and a 3′ untranslated region (UTR); and (b) a riboswitch that comprises a twister ribozyme linked by a stem to an aptamer; wherein the aptamer comprises at least one stem; wherein the stem sequence linking the twister ribozyme to the aptamer comprises sequence that forms the aptamer stem and the P3 stem of the twister ribozyme; and wherein the target gene is linked to the P1 stem of the twister ribozyme; and wherein the riboswitch is located in (i) the 5′ UTR, (ii) the 3′ UTR, or (iii) the target gene coding sequence, 3′ of the start codon.
2. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the aptamer binds a small molecule ligand.
3. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the twister ribozyme is from Nasonia vitripennis.
4. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the twister ribozyme comprises SEQ ID NO.:38.
5. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the twister ribozyme is from an environmental sample.
6. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the twister ribozyme comprises SEQ ID NO.:39.
7. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein the P1 stem of the twister ribozyme is 4 to 7 base pairs.
8. The polynucleotide construct claim 1 , wherein the stem sequence linking the twister ribozyme to the aptamer is 3 to 7 base pairs long.
9. A method of reducing the expression of a target gene in response to a small molecule aptamer ligand comprising
(a) introducing the polynucleotide construct of claim 1 into a cell, and
(b) exposing the cell to the small molecule ligand that specifically binds the aptamer in an amount effective to decrease expression of the target gene.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the riboswitch is located in the 5′ UTR of the target gene.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the riboswitch is located in the 3′ UTR of the target gene.
12. The method of claim 9 , wherein the riboswitch is located in the target gene coding sequence, the 3′ of the start codon.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the polynucleotide construct comprises a 2A peptide sequence located 3′ of the riboswitch, between the riboswitch sequence and the target gene coding sequence.
14. The method of claim 9 , wherein two or more of the riboswitches are located in the target gene.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the two or more riboswitches comprise different aptamers that specifically bind to different small molecule ligands.
16. The method of claim 14 , wherein the two or more riboswitches comprise the same aptamer.
17. The method of claim 9 , wherein the polynucleotide construct is incorporated in a vector.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the vector is a viral vector.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein the viral vector is selected from the group consisting of adenoviral vector, adeno-associated virus vector, and lentiviral vector.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the vector is a non-viral vector.
21. A vector comprising the polynucleotide construct of claim 1 .
22. The vector of claim 21 , wherein the vector is a viral vector.
23. The vector of claim 22 , wherein the viral vector is selected from the group consisting of adenoviral vector, adeno-associated virus vector, and lentiviral vector.
24. The vector of claim 21 , wherein the vector is a non-viral vector.
25. The polynucleotide construct of claim 1 , wherein, when riboswitch is located in the target gene coding sequence, 3′ of the start codon, a 2A peptide sequence is located 3′ of the riboswitch, between the riboswitch and the target gene coding sequence.