Modifications of sulfated bentonites and uses thereof in metallocene catalyst systems for olefin polymerization
Sulfated bentonite compositions are characterized by a total pore volume from 0.4 to 1 mL/g, a total BET surface area from 200 to 400 m 2 /g, and an average pore diameter from 55 to 100 Angstroms. The sulfated bentonite compositions also can be characterized by a d50 average particle size in a range from 15 to 50 μm and a ratio of d90/d10 from 3 to 15. The sulfated bentonite compositions can contain a sulfated bentonite and from 10 to 90 wt. % of colloidal particles, or the sulfated bentonite compositions can contain a sulfated bentonite and from 0.2 to 10 mmol/g of zinc and/or phosphorus. These compositions can be utilized in metallocene catalyst systems to produce ethylene based polymers.
1. A sulfated bentonite composition characterized by:
a total pore volume from 0.4 to 1 mL/g;
a total BET surface area from 200 to 400 m 2 /g;
an average pore diameter from 55 to 100 Angstroms (Ang); and
wherein the composition contains from 25 to 35 wt. % silicon.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein from 18 to 95% of the total pore volume is in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a pore volume of from 0.08 to 0.5 mL/g in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein from 7 to 60% of the total BET surface area is in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition has a surface area of from 15 to 150 m 2 /g in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
6. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition is further characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 15 to 50 μm; and
a ratio of d90/d10 from 3 to 15.
7. The composition of claim 1 , wherein:
the total pore volume is from 0.45 to 0.8 mL/g;
the total BET surface area is from 225 to 375 m 2 /g; and
the average pore diameter is from 55 to 85 Ang.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein:
from 25 to 85% of the total pore volume is in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang; and
from 9 to 53% of the total BET surface area is in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the composition has:
a pore volume of from 0.1 to 0.38 mL/g in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang; and/or
a surface area of from 22 to 120 m 2 /g in pores with diameters of greater than or equal to 60 Ang.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the composition contains:
from 2 to 7 wt. % calcium; or
from 0.05 to 0.5 wt. % sodium; or
from 0.05 to 0.5 wt. % strontium; or
from 2 to 6 wt. % sulfur; or
from 0.25 to 1 wt. % titanium; or
any combination thereof.
11. A catalyst composition comprising:
a metallocene compound;
a co-catalyst; and
the sulfated bentonite composition of claim 1 .
12. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the co-catalyst comprises an organoaluminum compound, an organozinc compound, an aluminoxane compound, an organoboron or organoborate compound, an ionizing ionic compound, or any combination thereof.
13. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the composition has a particle size span from 1 to 3.2.
14. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the composition has a d10 particle size from 4 to 25 μm.
15. The composition of claim 6 , wherein the composition has a ratio of d90/d50 from 1.5 to 3.5.
16. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the metallocene compound comprises a bridged metallocene compound.
17. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the metallocene compound comprises an unbridged metallocene compound.
18. The composition of claim 11 , wherein the catalyst composition comprises two or more metallocene compounds.
19. A sulfated bentonite composition comprising:
a sulfated bentonite; and
from 0.2 to 10 mmol of zinc, phosphorus, or both, per g of the sulfated bentonite.
20. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.3 to 8 mmol/g of zinc.
21. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition comprises from 0.3 to 8 mmol/g of phosphorus.
22. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is characterized by:
a total pore volume from 0.4 to 1 mL/g;
a total BET surface area from 200 to 400 m 2 /g; and
an average pore diameter from 55 to 100 Angstroms (Ang).
23. The composition of claim 19 , wherein the composition is characterized by:
a d50 average particle size from 15 to 50 μm; and
a ratio of d90/d10 from 3 to 15.
24. A catalyst composition comprising:
a metallocene compound;
a co-catalyst; and
the sulfated bentonite composition of claim 19 .