Method for integrating a sensor in a part made by additive manufacturing
A method for integrating a sensor into a metal part including creating, by additive printing, of a first portion of the part, including a volume for housing a sensor. The volume has a width greater than that of the sensor. The method also includes depositing the sensor in said housing volume and creating, by additive printing, a second portion of the part covering the sensor and forming a molten puddle in the housing volume, on either side of the sensor.
1. A method for integrating a sensor into a metal part, comprising:
a) creating by additive printing a first part of the metal part, including a volume for housing the sensor, the volume having a width greater than that of the sensor;
b) depositing the sensor in said housing volume; and
c) creating by additive printing a second part of the metal part, covering the sensor and forming a molten puddle in the housing volume, on opposing sides of the sensor.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the sensor comprises an optical sensor, or a Fabry-Perot cavity, or a temperature sensor or a Bragg network, or an optical fibre for measurement of temperature, and/or of stress and/or of a dose of radiation by reflectometry, or a chemical sensor containing an optical fibre for measurement of gases, and/or of pH, and/or of corrosion.
3. The method according to claim 1 , the additive printing of at least one of the first and second parts being carried out by laser fusion on a powder bed, or by laser fusion of a wire or by projection of powder onto a laser or by electron beam additive printing, or by DED (Directed Energy Deposition).
4. The method according to claim 1 , the additive printing of at least one of the first and second parts being carried out by scanning a surface of a powder bed, including the housing volume.
5. The method according to claim 1 , the housing volume having a convex shape.
6. The method according to claim 1 , the additive printing implementing, during c), layers of metal powder scanned by a laser, in a manner perpendicular to a direction of extension of the sensor.
7. The method according to claim 1 , further including, during c), at least one scanning, by a laser beam, of a surface of the second part which covers the sensor and according to a direction parallel to a direction of extension of the surface of the second part.
8. The method according to claim 1 , further comprising creating a hollow, under a location in which the sensor must be positioned, and the addition of a solder sheet in this hollow.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein
the sensor comprises an element sensitive to a deformation, or to a variation in temperature or to a stress or to vibrations or to a dose of radiation, and
the sensitive element is disposed inside a metal tube.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein forming the sensor comprises:
inserting a metal rod into the tube;
inserting an optical fibre, one end of which faces an end of the rod, at a distance from the rod, the one end and the end of the rod defining a Fabry-Pérot cavity.
11. The method according to claim 10 , comprising fastening the metal rod in the tube.
12. The method according to claim 10 , comprising fastening the optical fibre in the tube.
13. The method according to claim 10 , comprising at least one of:
fastening the metal rod in the tube by soldering; and
fastening the optical fibre in the tube by gluing.
14. The method according to claim 1 , the metal part being made of steel, a titanium alloy, Cu, Nb, Cr, or W.
15. The method according to claim 1 , the metal part being made of titanium alloy Ti64.