Fast, low-complexity polling in 5G/6G networks
Billions of low-cost autonomous sensors and actuators are expected to join 5G and 6G networks. Most of them will use DRX (discontinuous reception) to save power. However, if an incoming message arrives while the device is in sleep-mode, a complex process is required for the device to obtain its message. Instead, a fast, lean polling method is provided, in which the base station can inform the user devices periodically of their messages on hold, using an encoded matrix of bits, one bit per user device in the network. When a user device wakes up and receives the matrix, it can determine, according to its bit position, whether it has messages waiting. If so, the user device can then transmit a very brief signal in an allocated reply region, at a specific location corresponding to its bit position in the matrix, thereby requesting the message or messages on hold.
1. A method for a base station of a wireless network to communicate with user devices of the wireless network, the method comprising:
a) assigning each user device to one array element of a polling array comprising array elements, each array element having a different address or position in the polling array, each user device assigned to a different array element;
b) setting all of of the array elements to “0”;
c) determining a schedule of periodic polling sessions, wherein the base station indicates, in each polling session, which user devices have an incoming message;
d) receiving a particular incoming message addressed to a particular user device, and storing the particular incoming message in a memory of the base station;
e) setting a particular array element, assigned to the particular user device, to “1”;
f) upon a subsequent polling session, calculating a logical-OR of the array elements;
g) if the logical-OR of the array elements is a “0”, then broadcasting a message indicating that the polling session is skipped or that the polling array is empty; and
h) if the logical-OR of the array elements is a “1”, then broadcasting a polling message indicating which of the user devices has an incoming message.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polling message is configured according to or 6G technology.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein every user device of the wireless network is assigned an array element of the polling array, respectively.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
a) every user device of the wireless network that uses DRX (discontinuous reception) is assigned to an array element of the polling array; and
b) every user device that is assigned to an array element of the polling array uses DRX.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
a) the wireless network is able to accept, at most, integer Nmax user devices; and
b) the polling array includes, at least, Nmax array elements.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
a) dividing the polling array into Nsect sections; and
b) indicating, to each user device, which of the Nsect sections the user device is assigned to.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein:
a) the polling message is configured to indicate which of the Nsect sections include at least one user device that has an incoming message.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
a) assigning a reply area comprising a region of a resource grid wherein a user device, that has an incoming message, can indicate readiness to receive the incoming message.
9. The method of claim 8 , further comprising:
a) receiving a particular signal at a particular location of the reply area; and
b) determining, according to the particular location, which user device indicates readiness to receive an incoming message.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
a) the polling message comprises a list of addresses of array elements that are set to “1”.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein:
a) the polling message comprises a list of identification codes of user devices that have incoming messages.
12. Non-transitory computer-readable media in a base station of a wireless network comprising user devices, the media containing instructions that when implemented in a computing environment cause a method to be performed, the method comprising:
a) assigning each user device to a respective array element of a polling array, the polling array comprising integer Nusers array elements, wherein Nusers equals a number of user devices in the wireless network or a maximum number of user devices that the wireless network can accommodate;
b) setting the array elements to “0”;
c) receiving an incoming message addressed to a particular user device, and setting the array element, assigned to the particular user device, to “1”; and
d) at a predetermined time, broadcasting a polling message comprising the polling array or a portion thereof.
13. The media of claim 12 , the method further comprising:
a) allocating a reply area, comprising a region of a resource grid, for each user device to transmit a signal requesting transmission of an incoming message.
14. The media of claim 13 , wherein:
a) each signal in the reply area comprises exactly one resource element.
15. The media of claim 13 , further comprising:
a) determining, for each signal in the reply area, according to a position of the signal in the reply area, which user device requests transmission of an incoming message.
16. The media of claim 12 , wherein the polling message further indicates how many of the array elements are set to “1”.
17. A method for a user device to use DRX (discontinuous reception) while registered on a wireless network, the method comprising:
a) indicating, to a base station of the wireless network, that the user device intends to use DRX;
b) receiving, from the base station, a schedule for receiving polling messages, each polling message indicating which user devices have incoming messages on hold;
c) upon a scheduled time for receiving the polling message, awakening from a DRX idle state and receiving the polling message; and
d) determining, according to the polling message, whether the user device has an incoming message on hold.
18. The method of claim 17 , further comprising:
a) upon determining that the user device does not have an incoming message on hold, resuming a DRX idle state; and
b) upon determining that the user device does have an incoming message on hold, transmitting a signal in a particular location of an allocated reply region of a resource grid.
19. The method of claim 18 , wherein:
a) the particular location is related to an address or identification code of the user device.
20. The user device of claim 18 , wherein:
a) the polling message indicates, in a particular order, which user devices have incoming messages; and
b) the particular location of the signal in the reply region is related to the particular order.