ELECTROCHEMICAL ATTACHMENT OF PHOSPHONIC ACIDS TO METALLIC SUBSTRATES AND ANTIMICROBIAL MEDICAL DEVICES CONTAINING SAME
A method of preparing a modified-metal surface. The method includes preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent; immersing a strip of the metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; immersing a strip of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid; supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; cleaning and drying the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; applying a chitosan solution to the surface in order to attach chitosan/modified chitosan to the phosphorous acid based modified surface; prepare the modified-metal surface; and cleaning and drying the modified-metal surface.
1 . A method of preparing a functional surface comprising a metal, polymer, biopolymer, or ceramic material, the method comprising:
preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent;
immersing at least a portion of a work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid, wherein the workpiece comprises a metal, polymer, biopolymer, or ceramic material;
immersing at least a portion of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid;
supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified work piece;
removing the phosphorous acid-modified work piece; and
further modifying the phosphorous acid-terminated work piece with a chitosan solution to prepare a functional surface.
2 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the phosphorous-based acid is a phosphonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a phosphinic acid, or mixtures thereof
3 . The method according to claim 2 , wherein the phosphonic acid is 11-phosphono-1-undecanol.
4 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of n-butanol, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, formic acid, acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran (THF), demethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ionic liquids.
5 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the chitosan solution comprises an oligo-chitosan modified with a quaternary phosphonium salt.
6 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the workpiece comprises a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Al, and alloys thereof.
7 . The method according to claim 1 , wherein the workpiece comprises stainless steel.
8 . An article comprising a work piece having a modified surface, wherein the surface comprises a polymer, biopolymer, or ceramic material, and wherein the modified surface comprises a chitosan modified with a quaternary ammonium salt.
9 . The article according to claim 8 , wherein the chitosan is connected to a surface of the work piece via a phosphorous-based acid linker.
10 . The article according to claim 9 , wherein the phosphorous-based acid is a phosphonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a phosphinic acid, or mixtures thereof
11 . The article according to claim 10 , wherein the phosphonic acid is 11-phosphono-1-undecanol.
12 . The article according to claim 8 , wherein the article has an antibacterial effect.
13 . The article according to claim 8 , wherein the article has an antifungal and/or antiviral effect.
14 . An article prepared according to the method of claim 1 .
15 . The article according to claim 14 , wherein the chitosan is connected to a surface of the work piece via a phosphorous-based acid linker.
16 . The article according to claim 14 , wherein the article has an antibacterial effect.
17 . The article according to claim 14 , wherein the article has an antifungal or antiviral effect.
18 . A method of preparing a functional metal surface, the method comprising:
preparing a solution of a phosphorous-based acid in a solvent;
immersing at least a portion of a metal work piece into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid;
immersing at least a portion of a reference metal into the solution of the phosphorous-based acid;
supplying a voltage for a duration of time to prepare a phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece;
removing the phosphorous acid-modified metal work piece; and
further modifying the phosphorous acid-terminated work piece with a polysaccharide solution to prepare a functional metal surface.
19 . The method according to claim 18 , wherein the phosphorous-based acid is a phosphonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a phosphinic acid, or mixtures thereof
20 . The method according to claim 18 , wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of n-butanol, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, formic acid, acetic acid, tetrahydrofuran (THF), demethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and ionic liquids.