Patient interface
A patient interface for delivery of a supply of pressurised air or breathable gas to an entrance of a patient's airways comprising: a cushion member that includes a retaining structure and a seal-forming structure permanently connected to the retaining structure; a frame member attachable to the retaining structure; and a positioning and stabilising structure attachable to the frame member.
1. A patient interface configured for sealed delivery of a supply of pressurized, breathable gas at a continuously positive pressure with respect to ambient air pressure to a patient's nares, the patient interface being configured to maintain a therapeutic pressure in a range of about 4 cmH 2 O to about 30 cmH 2 O above ambient air pressure in use, throughout the patient's respiratory cycle, while the patient is sleeping, to ameliorate sleep disordered breathing, the patient interface comprising:
a frame;
a seal-forming structure connected to the frame and the seal-forming structure including an opening formed in the seal-forming structure and configured to deliver the supply of pressurized, breathable gas to the patient's airway, the seal-forming structure including:
a first region positioned proximal to the opening on each lateral side of the opening, the first region being configured to contact the patient's nose;
a second region positioned adjacent to and laterally outward of each first region, the second region being thicker than the adjacent first region; and
a third region positioned adjacent to and laterally outward of each second region, the third region having a different thickness relative to the adjacent second region;
wherein the seal-forming structure has a curved shape from each first region, through the adjacent second region, and to the adjacent third region, an apex of each curved shape being located in each second region;
a gas washout vent including at least one vent hole and being configured to allow a flow of patient exhaled CO 2 to be discharged to ambient from the patient interface; and
a positioning and stabilising structure that includes a strap and is connected to the frame, the positioning and stabilising structure being configured to maintain the seal-forming structure in sealing contact with patient's face while maintaining the therapeutic pressure at the patient's nares,
wherein a first portion of the seal-forming structure is configured to be positioned proximal to the patient's upper lip in use, a second portion of the seal-forming structure is positioned opposite the first portion across the opening, and the second portion of the seal-forming structure is configured to contact the underside of the patient's nose proximal to the pronasale in use.
2. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each third region is thicker than the adjacent second region.
3. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each third region is thinner than the adjacent second region and thicker than the adjacent first region.
4. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein each third region is thinner than the adjacent first region and the adjacent second region.
5. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein a plenum chamber is joined to the seal-forming structure to at least partly form a gas chamber.
6. The patient interface of claim 5 , wherein the plenum chamber includes a retaining structure configured to releasably engage with the frame to releasably secure the seal-forming structure and the plenum chamber to the frame.
7. The patient interface of claim 6 , wherein the seal-forming structure and the plenum chamber are constructed from one piece of a first material and the retaining structure is constructed from a second material, the first material being silicone and the second material being silicone with a higher durometer than the first material, such that the retaining structure is more rigid than the seal-forming structure and the plenum chamber.
8. The patient interface of claim 7 , wherein the frame is constructed from a third material that is less flexible than the first material and the second material.
9. The patient interface of claim 7 , wherein the retaining structure is permanently joined to the plenum chamber with a chemical bond between the first material and the second material.
10. The patient interface of claim 5 , wherein the frame further comprises ribs and the plenum chamber further comprises notches corresponding to the ribs.
11. The patient interface of claim 5 , wherein the plenum chamber further comprises a sealing lip configured to contact the frame, the sealing lip being configured such that an increase in air pressure within the gas chamber increases a sealing force of the sealing lip against the frame.
12. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure is configured seal around both of the patient's nares at an inferior periphery of the patient's nose such that the seal-forming structure contacts the patient's face below the bridge of the nose, at lateral sides of the patient's nose, and at the patient's upper lip.
13. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure is configured not to enter the patient's nares in use.
14. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure has no undercushion.
15. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure includes a recessed portion that is configured to receive the tip of the nose of the patient, the recessed portion being located at a region of the seal-forming structure that is thinner than laterally adjacent regions of the seal-forming structure that are configured to contact the patient's ala.
16. The patient interface of claim 15 , wherein the seal-forming structure comprises a compliant region configured to be located anteriorly of the recessed portion relative to the patient in use, the compliant region being thin and flexible relative to the remainder of the seal-forming structure.
17. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure has a varied thickness adjacent the nasal opening at predetermined positions around the perimeter of the nasal opening.
18. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure comprises a pair of protruding ends extending symmetrically about the opening, each protruding end configured to seal against a region of the patient's face where the ala of the nose joins to the patient's face.
19. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein a lower portion of the seal-forming structure is concave in a relaxed state to seal against the upper lip of the patient and to follow a curvature of the upper lip of the patient.
20. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the positioning and stabilising structure further comprises a pair of rigidiser arms, each joined to a corresponding lateral side of the frame.
21. The patient interface of claim 20 , wherein the strap has two ends, each end removably connected to a corresponding one of the rigidiser arms.
22. The patient interface of claim 20 , wherein the pair of rigidiser arms are constructed from a material that is different from a material of the frame.
23. The patient interface of claim 20 , wherein the pair of rigidiser arms are permanently joined to the frame with a mechanical interlock.
24. The patient interface of claim 5 , wherein the frame further comprises a port and a tube connected to the frame at the port, the tube configured to direct the supply of pressurized, breathable gas through the port and into the gas chamber.
25. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure further comprises a pair of thickened sections, each of the thickened sections being located on a corresponding lateral side of the seal-forming structure so as to contact the patient's face at or proximal to the patient's corresponding nasolabial sulcus in use, and
wherein the thickened sections are thicker than adjacent portions of the seal-forming structure.
26. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the seal-forming structure consists of a single nasal opening configured to provide the supply of pressurized, breathable gas to both of the patient's nares during use.
27. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein a plenum chamber is joined to the seal-forming structure to at least partly form a gas chamber,
wherein the frame further comprises a port and a tube connected to the frame at the port, the tube configured to direct the supply of pressurized, breathable gas through the port and into the gas chamber,
wherein the gas washout vent further comprises two groups of vent holes, each of the groups being positioned opposite one another relative to the port.
28. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the apex of each curved shape is located in each second region when the seal-forming structure is in an undeformed state.
29. The patient interface of claim 1 , wherein the apex of each curved shape is located in each second region when the seal-forming structure is not in contact with the patient's face.